一种便于摄动分析的编队飞行卫星相对运动的描述  

Useful Relative Motion Description Method for Perturbations Analysis in Satellite Formation Flying

作　　者：孟鑫[1] 李俊峰[1] 高云峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学航天航空学院,北京100084

出　　处：《应用数学和力学》2005年第11期1328-1336,共9页Applied Mathematics and Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(10202008);高等学校博士学科点专项科研资助课题基金资助项目(20020003024)

摘　　要：定义了一组参数来描述卫星编队飞行的相对运动,称为相对轨道要素.利用它可以方便地分析摄动对相对轨道构形的影响以及卫星编队队形的几何特点.首先,对相对轨道要素给予了详细的推导,指出当主星偏心率为小量时,在主星轨道坐标系中相对轨道是一椭圆柱和一平面相交所得的交线,用描述该椭圆柱和平面的参数即可确定相对轨道构形,进而提出了相对轨道要素.其次,利用相对轨道要素对相对轨道进行地球扁率摄动分析,指出相对轨道构形的变化由两部分组成:一是椭圆柱的漂移导致相对轨道中心的漂移,二是平面法线的章动和进动引起相对轨道平面转动,同时还给出了地球扁率摄动下相对轨道构形漂移率及转动率的解析公式.最后,针对J2摄动分析了卫星编队相对轨道构形的变化以及相对轨道构形的漂移量和转动量.A set of parameters called relative orbital dements were defined to describe the relative motion of the satellites in the formation flying. With the help of these parameters, the effect of the perturbations on the relative orbit trajectory and geometric properties of satellite formation can be easily analyzed. First,the relative orbital elements are derived, and pointed out： if the eccentricity of the leading satellite is a small value, the relative orbit trajectory is determined by the intersection between an elliptic cylinder and a plane in the leading satellite orbit flame reference; and the parameters that describe the elliptic cylinder and the plane can be used to obtain the relate orbit trajectory and the relative orbital elements. Second, by analyzing the effects of gravitational perturbations on the relative orbit using the relative orbital elements, it is found that the propagation of a relative orbit consists of two parts： one is the drift of the elliptic cylinder; and the other is the rotation of the plane resulted from the rotation of the normal of the plane. Meanwhile, the analytic formulae for the drift and rotation rates of a relate trajectory under gravitational perturbations are presented. Finally, the relative orbit trajectory and the corresponding changes were analyzed with respect to the J2 perturbation.

关 键 词：卫星编队飞行 相对轨道要素 地球扁率摄动 漂移率 转动率 

分 类 号：V412.4[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]