焦炭塔瞬态传热过程的数值模拟及应力特性分析  

Numerical Simulation of the Transient Heat Transfer of Coke Drums and Study on the Characteristic of Stress Filed

作　　者：王正[1] 游进[1] 王磊[1] 张西义[2] 吕胜杰[2] 任迅[2] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学动力工程系,辽宁大连116023 [2]石家庄炼油化工股份有限公司,河北石家庄050053

出　　处：《压力容器》2005年第10期23-27,共5页Pressure Vessel Technology

基　　金：中石化总公司资助课题(303010)

摘　　要：利用有限元法模拟了焦炭塔进水冷焦阶段恒速上升的介质与塔壁的动态传热过程,并用间接耦合法求得了应力、应变场的变化过程。计算结果表明:塔壁外侧在冷却水面到达的瞬间进入塑性屈服,筒节中部塑性屈服区较大,当靠近焊缝时塔壁的塑性变形区逐渐缩小直至消失,塔壁塑性屈服区的分布特点解释了塔体长期使用后发生鼓凸变形及筒体与焊缝连接处产生裂纹的原因。提高冷却水温度或降低进水冷焦前塔体温度能有效防止塔体产生塑性变形。The transient heat transfer between the drum wall and cooling water rising up with steady rate was simulated numerically using FEM, and the time history of the stress and strain fields were also acquired with indirect coupling method. The calculation results indicate that the outboard of drum walls fall in plastic yielding at the same time the rising cooling water reaches the height of that point and the yield region becomes narrower and narrower when it comes closer to the circumferential strake weldments, which explains the reason coke drums experience bulging and cracks occur in the weld seams portions of shell to shell after long in service. Elevating the temperature of the cooling water or reducing the wall temperature before water quenching can prevent walls from yielding effectively.

关 键 词：焦炭塔 温度场 塑性屈服 有限单元法 

分 类 号：TQ520.5[化学工程—煤化学工程]