殷墟花园庄东地出土甲骨卜辞中的“中周”与早期殷周关系  

On the Word "Zhong Zhou 中周"in the Oracle-bone Inscriptions from the Locus East of Huayuanzhuang within the Yin Ruins and the Relationship between the Early Yin and Zhou

作　　者：曹定云[1] 刘一曼[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院考古研究所,北京市100710

出　　处：《考古》2005年第9期60-68,共9页Archaeology

摘　　要：花园庄东地出土甲骨中有"中周有口弗死"、"妃中周妾不死"、"周入四"等。其中的"周"是国名,"中周"是人名,"妃中周妾"是"中周"之配偶,花园庄东地出土甲骨卜辞的时代下限在武丁早期,此时的"中周"应是周族历史上所都之"豳"邑,而不是"岐周"。根据考古资料,"豳"的地望约在今陕西彬县旬邑一带。In the oracle-bone inscriptions unearthed from Locus East of Huayuanzhuang within the Yin Ruins, we read the phrases “中周有口弗死,”“妃中周妾不死” and “周入四.” The“周” can be identified as the name of a state; the “中周,” a person＇s name; and the “妃中周妾” the spouse of 中周 . The “妃” is the woman＇s family name. These data evidence definitely that marriage relationship between the Yin and the Zhou had existed by the early Yin period. During the Yin Wuding＇s reign, Zhou was an important local state to the west of the Yin Dynasty, and, after the repeated attacks by Yin expeditionary troops, became a subject and tributary province to the Yin Dynasty, and served the consolidation of the Zhou ruler＇s domination in western regions. The terminal date of the inscriptions under discussion is the early Wuding reign, while Gugong Tanfu＇ s moving to Qi took place in the first year of Yin Wuding＇ s reign. Therefore the time of the ＂“Zhong Zhou 中周” mentioned in the inscriptions must have corresponded to the time the Zhou people had their capital at ＂Bin＂ rather than at the later capital “Qizhou.” Judging from the archaeological data unearthed from Duan]ing in Binxian County, “Bin” was located in the present-day Binxian-Xunyi area, Shaanxi, not far away from the Duanjing site.

关 键 词：殷周关系 “中周” 甲骨卜辞 殷墟花园庄东地 中国 文物考古 

分 类 号：K877.1[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]