4个二价金属氯化盐对玉米幼苗生理指标影响的比较研究  

Comparative Study of the Effects of Four Divalent Metal Chlorides on the Physiological Parameters of Maize Seedlings

作　　者：胡筑兵[1] 陈亚华[1] 刘晓庆[1] 沈振国[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学生命科学学院,南京210095

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2005年第9期1778-1784,共7页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：教育部科学技术研究重点项目资助(03093)

摘　　要：比较研究了4个二价金属的氯化盐(C aC l2、M gC l2、CdC l2和CuC l2)对玉米幼苗生长和生理特性的影响.用10μm o l.L-1CdC l2和CuC l2处理10 d明显减少玉米幼苗根系和地上部干物重,抑制根系伸长生长.同时,叶绿素含量、叶绿素a/b比值、Fv/Fm、F0、Fm、qP、qN和Y ie ld(实际量子产额)都呈明显下降;而抗氧化系统酶(SOD、CAT、POD、GR和APX)活性明显上升.10μm o l.L-1CdC l2处理下叶绿素含量、Fv/Fm、qP、Y ie ld、还原型G SH含量以及抗氧化酶活性均高于10μm o l.L-1CuC l2处理.10μm o l.L-1CdC l2处理还明显降低叶片水势和蒸腾速率,增加叶片气孔阻力,表现出水分胁迫;而10μm o l.L-1CuC l2处理对叶片水势和蒸腾速率没有显著影响.10μm o l.L-1C aC l2处理显著增加叶绿素含量和根系净伸长,10μm o l.L-1M gC l2也增加根系净伸长,但10μm o l.L-1C aC l2和M gC l2处理对叶绿素荧光参数、水分和抗氧化系统等指标均无明显影响.The effects of four divalent metal chlorides on the growth and physiological parameters of maize seedlings were studies. Maize seedlings showed a significantly decreased dry root weight and a significantly decreased dry aboveground biomasses and an inhibited growth ten days after treated with CdCl2 and CuCl2 of 10μmol·L^-1. At the same time ,their chlorophyll contents ,chlorophyll a/b ratios,Fr/Fm,F0,Fm,q^P,q^N and yields （actual quantum yield） remarkably declined while their SOD,CAT,GR and APX activities remarkably rose. The chlorophyll content ,Fr/Fm ,q^P ,yield and reductive GSH content and antioxidant enzyme activities in the treatment of 10μmol·L^-1 CdCl2 were higher than those in the treatment of 10μmol·L^-1 CuCl2,inaddition,thetreatment of 10μmol·L^-1 CdCl2 remarkably decreased the water potential and transpiration rate of their leaves and increased the stomotal resistance of their leaves so that they appeared to be attacked by water stress ;meantime,the treatment of 10μmol·L^-1 CuCl2 did not remarkably affect the water potential and transpiration rate of their leaves. The treatment of 10μmol·L^-1 CaCl2increased their chlorophyll content and the net increase of their root length ;the treatment of 10μmol·L^-1 MgCl2 also increased the net increase of their root length,but all the treatments of 10 μmol·L^-1 CaCl2 and MgCl2 did not show remarkable influences on the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,water content and anti-oxidative enzyme activities.

关 键 词：叶绿素荧光参数 抗氰化系统 水分参数 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]