杂交狗牙根叶枯病病原鉴定及其生物学特性  

Identification and biological characteristics of Curvularia lunata causing leaf blight on Cynodon hybrid

作　　者：江明[1] 黄俊斌[1] HsiangT. 郑莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学植物科技学院植物保护系

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2005年第3期275-279,共5页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家外专局2003年度文教专家项目

摘　　要：杂交狗牙根叶枯病是武汉地区高尔夫球场草坪上的一种重要病害。为了查明该病害的病原和控制该病害的发生,对叶枯病的病原物进行了分离鉴定、生物学特性研究以及室内药剂筛选。形态学观察结果表明,引起杂交狗牙根叶枯病的病原物为新月弯孢 Curvularia lunata(Wakker)Boedi-jn;生物学特性研究显示 C.lunata 生长的适宜温度为20～35℃,最适温度为25℃,适宜 pH 值为5～8,最适 pH 值为6;在所测试的碳源中,C.lunata 对葡萄糖和蔗糖的利用最好,对半乳糖的利用效果最差;在所测试的氮源中,对 KNO_3利用最好,对 NH_4Cl 和氨基乙酸的利用最差;菌丝的致死温度为55℃10min。室内 PDA 平板药剂筛选结果表明,10%苯醚甲环唑对病菌菌丝生长的抑制效果最好。A leaf blight of Cynodon hybrid was found to be an important disease on golf courses in Wuhan, but there have been few reports of this disease in China. To better manage this disease, we obtained some isolates, tested Koch＇s postulates, identified and studied some biological characteristics and screened fungicides of the pathogen. The results showed that the pathogen was Curvularia lunata （Wakker） Boedijn based on morphological characteristics. The pathogen grew well at a temperature range of 20 -35℃ as well as a pH range of 5 -8, in which the optimal temperature and pH were 25℃ and 6, respectively. Through carbon sources testing, glucose and sucrose were found to support growth which were significantly faster than other sources, while galactose was found to support the slowest growth. Among the nitrogen sources tested, potassium nitrate supported the fastest growth, whereas ammonium chloride and aminoacetic acid supported the least growth. Hyphal viability was completely lost when hyphal agar plugs incubated at 55℃ for 10 minutes. Fungicide testing on PDA plates revealed that 10% difenoconazole showed the greatest inhibition of hyphal growth among the ones tested.

关 键 词：杂交狗牙根 叶枯病 新月弯孢 生物学特性 病原鉴定 狗牙根 杂交 高尔夫球场草坪 最适PH值 菌丝生长 

分 类 号：S436.8[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S436.33[农业科学—植物保护]