木质包装松材线虫溴甲烷熏蒸处理  

The methyl bromide fumigation of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in wood packing material for the quarantine treatment

作　　者：贺水山 徐瑛 陈先锋 刘永胜[3] 傅冬良 

机构地区：[1]浙江检验检疫局,杭州310012 [2]宁波检验检疫局,宁波315012 [3]天津检验检疫局,天津300457

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2005年第3期314-318,共5页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家质量监督检验检疫总局资助项目(2002IK018)

摘　　要：为寻求一定温度下溴甲烷熏蒸处理杀灭木质包装中松材线虫的有效浓度和时间,给国际贸易中木质包装松材线虫的熏蒸处理提供科学依据,进行了木质包装松材线虫溴甲烷熏蒸处理研究。研究分实验室基础试验和集装箱应用试验两部分,先在实验室中筛选出熏蒸有效浓度和时间,再于集装箱中进行应用试验。结果表明:11～15、16～20、≥21℃时,溴甲烷剂量分别为64、56、48g/m^3,熏蒸24h,24h 时浓度分别不低于32、28、24g/m^3,即 CT 值分别为1152、1008、864 gh/m^3,能够100%杀灭木质包装中松材线虫的成虫、幼虫及卵。此外,证实了国际植物检疫措施标准 ISPM NO.15《国际贸易中木质包装材料控制准则》中熏蒸处理的要求偏低,不能完全杀灭木质包装中松材线虫。For finding the valid dosage and time in which the nematode would be killed completely, BursapheIenchus xylophilus in the lumbers was fumigated with methyl bromide （MB）, was put up respectively in the container and in the buckets made by stainless steel in the room with air-condition. Three temperatures of 13 ±2℃, 18 ±2℃, 23 ±2℃ and four kinds of lumber of 2.5cm × 10cm×90cm,5cm × 10cm × 90cm, 10cm × 10cm × 90cm,20cm × 20cm × 90cm were set up and every kind of lumbers was fumigated with MB of 6-7 kinds of different dosages at every temperature. The results shows that the eggs, larvae, adults of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in the lumbers were killed totally when fumigated with MB for 24h at the dosage of 64 g/m^3, the dosage over 32 g/m^3 as degassing, the CT products of 1 152 gh/m^3, at the temperatures of 11 - 15℃, or at the dosage of 56 g/m^3, the dosage over 28g/m^3 as degassing, the CT products of 1008 gh/m^3 , at the temperatures of 16 -20℃, or at the dosage of 48 g/m^3, the dosage over 24g/m^3 as degassing, the CT products of 864 gh/m^3, at the temperatures over 21℃. In addition, the dosage and time is not enough to kill totally Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in the lumbers that appionted by ISPM NO. 15 “The Guidelines for regulating wooden packaging material in international trade”.

关 键 词：木质包装 松材线虫 溴甲烷 熏蒸 木质包装材料 熏蒸处理 有效浓度 基础试验 国际贸易 科学依据 

分 类 号：S763.3[农业科学—森林保护学]