浙江省马尾松生态公益林凋落物及与群落特征关系  

The litter of Pinus massoniana ecological public-welfare forest in Zhejiang Province and its relationship with the community characters

作　　者：黄承才[1] 葛滢[2] 朱锦茹[3] 袁位高[3] 戚连忠[3] 江波[3] 沈琪[4] 常杰[2] 

机构地区：[1]绍兴文理学院生命科学学院,绍兴312000 [2]浙江大学生命科学学院,杭州310012 [3]浙江省林业科学研究院,杭州310013 [4]浙江教育学院,杭州310012

出　　处：《生态学报》2005年第10期2507-2513,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(M303055);浙江省科技厅重大项目(021102541)~~

摘　　要：在浙江10.18万km2的区域内,有代表性地调查了12个县共24个马尾松生态公益林样地的凋落物。研究表明:马尾松林年均凋落量为257.9g/(m2.a),其中叶凋落含量为84.6%,枝、果实、皮、碎屑凋落含量分别为4.7%、4.2%、2.0%和4.5%。不同地区间比较表明,浙西北、浙中、浙南3个自然区域间年凋落量无显著差异(p>0.05),沿海则明显低于其它地区。年凋落量与马尾松林龄呈对数相关(p<0.01);年凋落量与马尾松的胸径、树高、生物量及群落生物量间也呈对数相关关系(p<0.01)。同龄林凋落量比较及凋落量与植物多样性关系表明:马尾松纯林的凋落量小于非纯林,且乔木种类越多,凋落量越多。从凋落物角度分析,马尾松纯林的生态效益较低,不利于林地自肥、保水及进一步的植被恢复。Twenty-four sample plots of P. massoniana public-welfare forest distributed in twelve counties were investigated in over 100,000 km2 zones of Zhejiang province. Five 1 m^2 quadrates were placed in every plot by using a diagonal method. From March 2000 to May 2001, litters were collected and analyzed every month. Studying the litter of P. massoniana forest in different zones and of different ages enables the exploration of the litter characteristics and their relationship with community characteristics and plant diversity. This provides the basic materials for forest litter research and important references for building and restoring ecological public-welfare forests. The results showed that the average annual litter production of P. massoniana forest was 257.9 g/（m^2 · a） in which the litter production of leaf, branch, fruit, bark and crumb was 84. 6%, 4. 7%, 4.2%, 2.0% and 4. 5% respectively. There were no significant differences of annual litter production between the Northwest, Middle and South of Zhejiang （p〉0. 05）. However, litter production was much less along the seaboard. This implies that the litter of P. massoniana forest diminished while the latitude increased as discussed in the relationship between the litter of P. massoniana forest and the environment on the macro-scale. Litter production in the pure P. massoniana forest was less than non-pure forests,though they were of the same age and there was a logarithmic relativity between annual litter productions and the ages of P. massoniana forest （p〈0. 01）. The amount of litter declined gradually with the age of the P. massoniana forest. The relationship between annual litter production and the diameter at breast height, height, biomass of P. massoniana and the community biomass also showed logarithmic relativity （p〈0.01）. The relationship between the annual litter production and Shannon-Wiener Index showed linear positive relativity. That means more tree species, mostly consisting of evergreen and defoliated broad-leaved trees, pr

关 键 词：马尾松林 凋落量 植物多样性 群落特性 生态效益 

分 类 号：S718[农业科学—林学]