大气CO_2浓度升高对棉蚜生长发育和繁殖的影响及其作用方式  

Impacts of elevated CO_2 on the growth,development and reproduction of cotton aphid Aphis gossypii(Glover)

作　　者：陈法军[1] 吴刚[1] 戈峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院动物研究所,农业虫害鼠害综合治理国家重点实验室,北京100080

出　　处：《生态学报》2005年第10期2601-2607,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新前沿资助项目(KSCX3-IOZ-04);国家重点基础发展规划(973)资助项目(G2000016209);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30571253)~~

摘　　要：通过开顶式CO2气室试验研究了大气CO2浓度升高((553±27)μl/L和(754±33)μl/L vs.(376±22)μl/L)对连续3代棉蚜的生长发育和繁殖的影响及其作用方式——直接影响、间接作用或直接和间接影响的共同作用。试验结果表明:对于间接作用试验及直接和间接影响的共同作用试验而言,大气CO2浓度升高可显著影响棉蚜的体重和平均相对生长率(M RGR)。与对照CO2处理组相比,间接作用试验中(754±33)μl/L CO2处理组棉蚜的虫体重和M RGR都显著增加;直接和间接影响的共同作用试验中两个高CO2处理组((553±27)μl/L和(754±33)μl/L)棉蚜的虫体重也显著增加,(754±33)μl/L CO2处理组棉蚜的M RGR也显著提高。此外,通过大气CO2浓度升高对棉蚜作用方式的分析得出:(1)大气CO2浓度升高对连续3代棉蚜的生长发育和繁殖的直接影响甚微;CO2浓度变化主要通过影响寄主植物而间接作用于蚜虫。(2)大气CO2浓度升高对棉蚜的影响表现出一个长期的效应、多代的作用。(3)大气CO2浓度增加对蚜虫的间接作用试验与直接和间接影响的共同作用试验的结果相同。The direct and / or indirect effect of elevated COz（（553±27）μl/L and （754±33）μl/L vs. （376±22）μl/L） on the growth, development and fecundity of successively three generations of the cotton aphid Aphis gossypii （Glover） feeding on cotton （cv. Simain-3） plants were studied by control-environment experiments in open-top chambers （OTC）. The results indicated that COz rising significantly affected body weight and mean relative growth rate （MRGR） of A gossypii for both experiments of indirect effect treatment and direct and indirect effect treatment. Contrast to ambient CO2, significant increases were shown in body weight and MRGR of aphid feeding on cotton plants grown in （754＋33）μl/L COz for the experiment of indirect effect treatment; significant increases were also found in body weigh of aphid for two elevated CO2 treatments of the experiment of direct and indirect effect, and MRGR was also significantly higher for aphid feeding on cotton plants grown in （553 ＋ 27）μl/L CO2. Moreover, some conclusions were also gained, i.e. （1） the direct effects of elevated CO2 on cotton aphid were weak or none, and the effect was mainly indirect by affecting host plants of cotton. （2） The effect of elevated CO2 on the growth, development and fecundity of A. gossypii was a long-term and multi-generation impact. （3） There were similar results from both of the indirect-effect experiment and the experiment of direct and indirect impact, i.e. the effects of elevated CO2 on growth, development and fecundity of cotton aphid were the same when A. gossypii was reared with detached tissues （i. e. leaves） of elevated CO2-grown cotton plants.

关 键 词：CO2 棉花 生长发育 繁殖 直接影响 间接作用 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]