城市垃圾堆肥及其复合肥对黑麦草草坪质量的影响  

Effects of municipal waste compost and its compound fertilizers on the turf quality of ryegrass

作　　者：范海荣[1] 华珞[1] 蔡典雄[2] 王学江[1] 朱风云[1] 尹逊霄[1] 张振贤[1] 高娟[1] 滑丽萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学资源环境与地理信息系统北京重点实验室,北京100037 [2]中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《生态学报》2005年第10期2694-2702,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金委与北京市教育委员会科技发展计划资助项目(KZ200310028012);首都师范大学资源环境与地理信息系统北京重点实验室资助项目;北京市教育委员会资助项目(01KJ-109)~~

摘　　要：为加速城市生活垃圾堆肥农业资源化利用研究,避免重金属等有害物质进入食物链,利用盆栽试验,研究了垃圾堆肥及以其为原料研制而成的3种复合肥的不同施肥水平对土壤肥力,黑麦草生长及草坪质量的影响,以选取最佳的适合黑麦草生长的垃圾肥料及其施用量。共设空白、堆肥、化肥、复合肥1、复合肥2、复合肥3等6个处理,每个处理又分为高、中、低3种施肥水平,测试草坪生物指标的质量状况和土壤肥力。结果表明:与化肥比较,垃圾复合肥可以显著提高土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、全磷的含量。垃圾复合肥明显促进了黑麦草的茎与根系的生长,提高了生物量,改善了叶片的色泽和整齐度,提高了草坪的密度和质量;促进了黑麦草对氮的吸收,尤其是生长后期,叶片中氮和叶绿素的含量明显高于化肥与空白处理,且差异显著。草坪质量综合评价以垃圾复合肥1的中量施肥处理为最好,黑麦草分蘖最高,地上生物量适度;除复合肥的高量施肥处理外,复合肥1的中量施肥处理茎叶中氮素和叶绿素含量最高,草坪品质最高。More than a hundred million tons of municipal waste are generated every year in China. Compost is an effective approach to municipal waste disposal. Waste compost conceives such characters as follows： （1） it contains organic matters; （2） it contains a lot of nutrition elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus , potassium and so on; （3）it contains various concentrations of trace elements and synthetic organic compounds; （4） it contains heavy metal elements. How to improve waste compost quality is a hotspot of research. The occurrence of disposal and utilization of waste compost is much earlier in China than other countries. However, most domestic works focused on compost used in vegetables or crops. Waste compost used as fertilizer for lawn has been little reported in China till now. By this experiment, the waste compost and its compound fertilizers were used as lawn fertilizer for ryegrass. The purpose was to examine the effects of waste compost and its compound fertilizers on lawn grass growth and soil fertility. The pot experiment was conducted in April of 2003. It was composed of six treatments, including check, chemical fertilizer, waste compost, waste compound fertilizer 1, waste compound fertilizer 2, waste compound fertilizer 3. Each treatment had three fertilizer rates （high, middle and low）. The fertilizer rates were listed in detail as follows., check （0） waste compost high （ 191.25g/pot ）, waste compost middle （127.5g/pot） and waste compost low （ 63.75g/pot ） ; chemica fertilizer high （2.04g/pot）, chemical fertilizer middle （1.36g /pot） and chemical fertilizer low （0.68g /pot ） ; waste compound fertilizer 1 high （6.6g/pot）, waste compound fertilizer 1 middle （4.4g/pot） and waste compound fertilizer 1 low （2.2g/pot）; waste compound fertilizer 2 high （10. 8g/pot）, waste compound fertilizer 2 middle （7.2g/pot） and waste compound fertilizer 2 low （3.6g/pot）t waste compound fertilizer 3 high （13.8g/pot）, waste compound fertiliz

关 键 词：城市垃圾堆肥 复合肥 黑麦草 草坪质量 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]