山东南四湖水面蒸发实验研究  

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON THE WATER-SURFACE EVAPORATION OF NANSI LAKE IN SHANDONG PROVINCE

作　　者：洪嘉琏 傅国斌[1] 郭早男 杜占德 朱伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院,国家计划委员会地理研究所,山东省水文总站

出　　处：《地理研究》1996年第3期42-49,共8页Geographical Research

摘　　要：本文根据山东南四湖蒸发站１９８５－１９９０年的实验资料，分析了水面蒸发与气象因子、水体面积、水体深度、蒸发器结构和安装方式的关系，以及２０ｍ２蒸发池与各类型蒸发器蒸发量的关系，同时还分析了２０ｍ２池蒸发量的昼夜变化、年内变化、年际变化的特征。Based on the observed data during the 1985-1990 period from the evaporation observing sta tion of the Nansi Lake in Shandong,this paper discusses the surface evaporation in the Nansi Lake.The conclusions are as follows:(1) Water surface evaporation has a linear relation to the difference of vapor pressures,the difference of vapour statuations in the air,and the temperature of water surface,and has a inverse relation to air pressure.It is also related to wind speed.(2) When the depths of water are the same,water surface evaporation has a inverse relation to the 0.041 times power of the diameter of round evaporation surface.(3) When the areas are the same,water srface evaporation has a inverse relation to the 0.048 times power of the water depth during April-August.and a linear relation to the 0.151 times power of the water depth in September-November.(4) When the same type of evaporimeters are used,the evaporation from the evaporimeter with a double layer tank(GGL-3000) is 8.6% greater than that from the evaporimeter with a single layer tank(E-601),and is 5% smaller than that from the evaporimeter with tubes.The evaporation from the evaporimeter made of irons is 4.3% greater than that from the evaporimeter made of glasses.(5) With the same evaporimeter,the annual average evaporation is 21.2% greater when it is above the ground surface compared to that when it is buried,and is 15.4% greater when it is above the ground surface compared to that when it is halfly buried.(6) The evaporimeters of E-601 and GGL-3000 have the smallest differences to the 20m2 evaporation tank, and the 20cm evaporimeter has the largest difference.(7) The average annual water surface evaporation in August is the largest in a year,and that in January is the smallest.(8) Seasonally.summer has the largest evaporation,making up 35.9% of the total in a gear.The minimum value occurs in winter.The maximum and the minimum annual evaporation have a difference of 168.3%mm and a ratio of 1.22.This indicates that the variation of evaporation in differen

关 键 词：水面蒸发 蒸发池 蒸发器 湖水 蒸发实验 

分 类 号：P332.2[天文地球—水文科学]