中国对虾摄食行为的化学感觉生理学研究──Ⅲ.中国对虾幼体及早期仔虾的摄食行为及化学感觉  

CHEMORECEPTION AND FEEDING MECHANISMS IN LARVAL AND EARLY POSTLARVAL Penaeus chinensis O'SBECK

作　　者：陈楠生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所,青岛266071

出　　处：《海洋科学》1996年第2期61-67,共7页Marine Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院院长基金;中国科学院海洋研究所所长基金;山东省自然科学基金

摘　　要：报道了中国对虾幼体及早期仔虾（ １）对轮虫（活体、死体）和卤虫无节幼体 （活体、死体）的摄食过程及摄食率；（２）对悬浮砂粒的摄食情况；（３）摄食水流的产 生机制、方向及模式；（４）对食物的化学敏感性。结果表明，中国对虾幼体及早期仔 虾化学感觉机能不明显。摄食附肢的协调运动产生摄食水流。摄食水流一方面将 食物带到口器附近，另一方面能促进对虾对食物的机械感受。摄食水流的方向还可 以逆转。幼体及早期仔虾对食物的选择主要依据其大小、形状和运动性，而与食物 的化学组成（味道）关系不大。此阶段的对虾采取了悬浮摄食模式，且主动和被动两 种模式并存。本研究还表明，将幼体和早期仔虾的食性简单地区分为草食或肉食性 值得商榷。Ingestion rates of larval and early postlarval Penaeus chinensis O'sbeck on food with different size, shape and mobility were examined. Results showed that larger size and stronger mobility increased handling difficulties, but at the same time, enhanced the detection probabilities, which implied that larval and early postlarval shrimp may utilize their mechanosensibility to detect food. The paper reported for the first time the feeding current created by feeding and associated appendages, which may have two functions: (1 ) bring food existing in feeding current to the mouthpart; (2) enhance the animal'S mechanosensory field. The direction of feeding currents can be reversed occasionally, which may be important in grooming the feeding apparatus. The larvae and early postlarvae can ingest effectively sand suspension, showing that they can't distinguish chemical stimuli, which was supported by the chemosensony study.

关 键 词：中国对虾 幼体 早期仔虾 化学感觉 摄食行为 

分 类 号：Q959.223.5[生物学—动物学]