有机、无机肥及其配施对苇状羊茅生长及抗寒性的影响  

Effect of organic,inorganic fertilizer and combined application on Tall Fescue growth and cold-resistance

作　　者：徐艳丽[1] 鲁剑巍[1] 周世力[2] 蒋细旺[2] 王运华[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]江汉大学医学与生命科学学院,湖北武汉430056

出　　处：《草业科学》2005年第10期97-101,共5页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：武汉市重点攻关项目(20032003029)

摘　　要：利用盆栽土培试验研究了不施肥、单施无机肥(每千克土施纯N 0.36 g,纯P 0.12 g,纯K 0.36 g,氮磷钾分别以分析纯尿素、磷酸二氢铵及氯化钾为肥源)、单施有机肥(每千克土施用腐熟鸡粪8 g,其N量等同无机肥处理)及有机+无机肥配合施用对种植在武汉地区新垦土壤上的冷季型草坪草苇状羊茅Festucaarundinaces生长状况、叶绿素含量和抗寒性的影响。结果表明,施肥处理均能促进草坪草初期生长,与不施肥处理相比,无机肥、有机肥及无机+有机肥配施在播种后25 d时叶片数分别增加86.5%,91.3%和84.7%,距播种60 d时3个施肥处理的分蘖数分别是不施肥处理的4.86,3.41和6.03倍。无机肥施用对越冬期草坪草叶绿素含量和提高抗寒性的效果明显好于有机肥及不施肥处理,在播种100 d时单施无机肥处理的叶绿素分别比单施有机肥和不施肥处理高24.3和42.5个SPAD值;脯氨酸(Pro)高出4.69和4.33倍,丙二醛(MDA)分别是单施有机肥和不施肥处理的51.6%和31.3%,电解质渗透率分别是后2个处理的15.3%和19.2%。在所有施肥处理中,无机、有机肥配施对草坪草生长效果最好,但在对抗寒性的影响上该处理与单施无机肥处理无明显差异。试验结果还表明,不施肥处理生长状况极差,越冬后土地裸露严重。说明合理施肥是提高武汉地区草坪草成坪质量及抵抗冬季低温胁迫的重要措施。Effects of control, only inorganic fertilizer （application with N 0.36 g, P 0. 12 g and K 0. 36 g per kilogram soil; NPK comes from AR urea, Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride）, only organic manure（well-rotted chicken dung）and combined application on growth, chlorophyll and cold- resistance of Tall Fescue（Festuca arundinaces Schreb）which grew on new reclaim redbrown soil in Wuhan was studied by using pot experiment. The results showed that all fertilizer treatment could promote turfgrass initial stages growth. Compared with control, in-organic,organic and combined application increased 86.5%,91.3% and 84.7% NO. of leaves per plant after 25d seeding. NO. of turf tiller of three fertilizer treatments was 4.86, 3.41 and 6.03 times that of control after 60 d seeding. Inorganic fertilizer treatment had better effect on keeping on turf color, improving cold-resistance in winter season than organic manure treatment and control significantly. Chlorophyll content of only inorganic fertilizer treatment increased respectively 24.3,42. 5 SPAD units, proline （Pro） increased 4.69 and 4. 33 times than those of only organic manure treatment and controlwhen 100d seeding,malondialdehyde （MDA） content was only 51.6%, 31.3% that of organic manure treatment and control,electrolyte leakage （EL） was 15.3% and 19. 2% respectively. Among all treatments, the combination treatment had the best effect on growth of Tall Fescue, however, there was no significant difference on cold-resistance between inorganic fertilizer and combination treatment. The control was the poorest because it died to almost bare soil after winter, The results indicated that the reasonable fertilization was an important measure to improve turf quality and resist low temperature stress in Wuhan region.

关 键 词：苇状羊茅 施肥 草坪草质量 抗寒性 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺] S14[农业科学—园艺学]