南美藜种子蛋白质研究  

Studies on Quinoa Seed Proteins

作　　者：陈毓荃[1,2] 高爱丽[1,2] 贡布扎西[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农业大学陕西杨陵 [2]西藏农牧学院

出　　处：《西北农业学报》1996年第3期43-48,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

摘　　要：以西藏产南美藜Ｍ１为材料，对其种子蛋白质进行了研究。结果表明：南美藜种子蛋白质含量较高，达１５．５７％；富含赖氨酸（５．７１％）、精氨酸（１０．０６％）等碱性氨基酸及天冬氨酸（７．６３％）、谷氨酸（１１．６３％）等酸性氨基酸。种子蛋白质各组分中以清蛋白（８．３６％）为主，占蛋白质总量的５３．６９％。南美藜种子总蛋白主要由６９、６６、５５、５２、５０、４１、３９、３６、３５、３２、２３、１８、１４、１１、９ｋＤ等１５种亚基组成。清蛋白主要由６９、６６、５５、５２、５０、３６、３５、３２、１８、１４、１１、９ｋＤ等１２种亚基组成。总蛋白和清蛋白各分子的等电点主要分布在ｐＨ３．５～４．３和ｐＨ８．９～９．２之间，二者表现出极大的一致性。谷蛋白含量（２．８５％）较少，亚基组成也较简单，主要由９１、５９、４６、４０、３７、１６ｋＤ等６种亚基组成。试验发现南美藜种皮中存在凝集素（ＱＳＬ），其最适ｐＨ为７～９，热稳定性较差，不耐７０℃以上高温。与ＱＳＬ专一结合的糖为Ｄ－半乳糖和Ｌ－鼠李糖，其中半乳糖的结合能力较强。ＱＳＬ经硫酸铵分级沉淀。In this thesis Quinoa seed proteins were studied by using late maturing variety M 1 Quinoa as test material. The results showed that the seeds of Quinoa contained about 15.57% of protein, in which the albumin, globulin and glutelin were 53.69%,18.30% and 14.45% respectively. Also, Quinoa seed protein was rich in Lys.(5.71%), Arg.(10.06%), Asp.(7.63%)and Glu.(11.63%). Albumin was the major constituent of the Quinoa seed proteins. SDS PAGE patterns showed that the major protein constituents of Quinoa seeds were 69,66,55,52,50,41,39,36,35,32,23,18,14,11,9 kD and their isoelectric point(PI)was in range of pH 3.5 ￣4.3 and pH 8.9￣9.2. The major protein constituents of albumin Quinoa seeds were 69,66,55,52,50,36,35,32,18,14,11,9 kD.The range of albumin PI was pH 3.5￣4.3 and pH 8.9￣9.2. The subunit mass of glutelin were 91,59,46,40,37,16 kD. Moreover, our results demonstrated that there was lectin (QSL) in the outer layers of Quinoa seeds. The optimun pH of hemagglutinating activity of the crude Quinoa lectin was between pH 7￣9 . The hemagglutinating activity of QSL was specifically inhibited by D galactose, L rhamnose. The inhibitory capability of D galactose was more active than that of L rhamnose.

关 键 词：南美藜 种子 蛋白质 凝集素 血凝活性 

分 类 号：S519.02[农业科学—作物学]