北京地区主要草坪草种的质量表现和气候指标研究  

Quality performance and climatic indexes of main lawn grass species in Beijing.

作　　者：杜尧东[1] 胡林[2] 

机构地区：[1]广东省气候与农业气象中心,广州510080 [2]中国农业大学绿色环境中心,北京100094

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2005年第11期1258-1262,共5页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：中美合作"中国草坪品种区域生态试验"资助项目

摘　　要：利用田间试验和平行观测气象资料,研究了暖季型和冷季型草种在北京地区的质量表现和气候指标。结果表明,暖季型草种的质量表现呈单峰曲线,仅夏季质量表现良好,冷季型草坪质量表现呈双峰曲线,春季5、6月份及秋季9、10月份表现良好。冷季型草种的返青与有效积温关系密切,同时也与温度的界限值有关。≥10℃的有效积温可以作为各草种第1次质量表现良好时期的始日指标。≤10℃的有效胁迫积温可以作为冷季型草种的褪绿和第2次质量表现良好时期的终日指标;≤23℃的有效胁迫积温可以作为暖季型草种的褪绿和质量表现良好时期的终日指标;温湿指数的累积可以作为草坪草发病、病斑恢复、冷季型草种第1次质量表现良好时期终日和第2次质量表现良好时期始日的指标。针对每个草种,确定了这些指标的具体数值。With field experiment and based on corresponding meteorological data, this paper studied the quality performance and climatic indexes of warm and cool season grass species in Beijing. The results showed that warm season species had a one-peak curve quality performance, only with good quality in summer, while cool season species had two-peak curve, with good quality from May to June and from September to October. The returning green of cool season species not only had a close correlation with effective accumulated temperature, but also related to critical temperature. The effective accumulated temperature of ≥ 10 ℃ was regarded as the beginning date index of the first good quality performance for all species, while the effective accumulated stress temperature of 410 ℃ was regarded as the index of green color fading and the end date of the second good quality performance for cool season species. The effective accumulated stress temperature of ≤23 ℃ was regarded as the index of green color fading and the end date of good quality performance for warm season species. The accumulation of temperature-humidity index was regarded as the standards of evaluating disease occurring, disease symptom recovery, and the end date of the first good quality performance and the beginning date of the second good quality performance for cool season species. The values of these indexes were determined for each species.

关 键 词：草种 草坪质量 气候指标 温湿指数 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]