两种蜜蜂头部乙酰胆碱酯酶对杀虫药剂敏感度比较  

Comparison of the Head Acetylcholinesterase Sensitivity to Insecticides between Two Honeybee Populations

作　　者：张莹[1] 黄建[1] 高希武[2] 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学植物保护学院,福建福州350002 [2]中国农业大学昆虫学系,北京100094

出　　处：《农药学学报》2005年第3期221-226,共6页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划("973"计划)(G2000016207);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30170621;39970496和30471153)

摘　　要：通过对抑制动力学常数和抑制时间进程曲线的测定,比较了中华蜜蜂Apis cerana ceranaFabricius和意大利蜜蜂Apis m ellifera ligusticaSpinola头部乙酰胆碱酯酶(acetylcholinesterase,AChE)对几种有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类杀虫药剂的敏感度。抑制时间进程曲线显示,意大利蜜蜂头部AChE对毒扁豆碱、灭多威、敌敌畏的敏感度高于中华蜜蜂,而两种蜜蜂对残杀威、硫双灭多威、甲胺磷及久效磷的敏感度没有明显差异。意大利蜜蜂头部AChE对毒扁豆碱、残杀威、硫双灭多威、克百威以及丁硫克百威的双分子速率常数(Ki)值分别为4.003×106、5.744×104、5.249×104、1.986×106和5.492×104(mol/L)-1.m in-1,均高于中华蜜蜂对这几种杀虫药剂的Ki值,后者分别为3.403×106、4.633×104、4.233×104、1.262×106和5.072×104(mol/L)-1.m in-1。但中华蜜蜂头部AChE对灭多威的Ki值却高于意大利蜜蜂,前者为10.408×104,后者为4.872×104(mol/L)-1.m in-1。对AChE被抑制后恢复速率(K3)的测定结果表明,中华蜜蜂头部AChE被残杀威和硫双灭多威抑制后恢复的速率显著低于意大利蜜蜂,但两种蜜蜂被毒扁豆碱、灭多威、克百威和丁硫克百威抑制后恢复的速率差异不显著。The sensitivities of acetylcholinesterase （AChE） from heads of Apis cerana cerana Fabricius and Apis mellifera ligustica Spinola to organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides were investigated by determining the inhibiting kinetic constants （Ki, K2, Ka and K3 ） and the time-course curve of inhibition. The time-course curve of inhibition indicated that the sensitivities of AChE from head of A. mellifera ligustica to eserine, methomyl and dichlorovos were higher than that from head of A. cerana cerana. However, there was no significant difference of the AChE sensitivities to propoxur, thiodicarb, methamidophos and monocrotophos between both bees. The bimolecular reaction constants （Ki） of AChEs from A. mellifera ligustica and A. cerana cerana were 4. 003 × 10^6 and 3. 403 × 10^6 （mol/L）^-1·min^-1 for eserine, 5. 744×10^4 and 4.633×10^4 （mol/L）^-1 min^-1 for propoxur, 5.249×10^4 and 4.233 ×10^4（mol/L）^-1·min^-1 for thiodicarb, 4.872×10^4 and 10.408×10^4（mol/L）^-1·min^-1 for methomyl, 1.986×10^6 and 1.262×10^6（mol/L）^-1·min^-1 for carbofuran, and 5.492×10^4 and 5.072×10^4（mol/L）^-1·min^-1 for carbosulfan, respectively. However, methomyl was more potentially inhibiting AChE from A. cerana cerana than that from A. mellifera ligustica. The value of Ki was 10.408×10^4 and 4.872×10^4（mol/L）^-1·min^-1 in A. cerana cerana and in A. mellifera ligustica, respectively. The reactivation rates of AChE inhibited by eserine and methomyl were higher in A. cerana cerana than in A. mellifera ligustica, however, when inhibited by propoxur, thiodicarb, carbofuran and carbosulfan, the former was lower than the latter.

关 键 词：中华蜜蜂 意大利蜜蜂 乙酰胆碱脂酶 抑制动力学常数 杀虫药剂 

分 类 号：Q965.9[生物学—昆虫学] S482.3[农业科学—农药学]