挥发性有机化学物质和甲醛的室内空气污染动态调查与危险性研究  

Investigation of trends and risk with indoor air pollution by VOCs and HCHO

作　　者：戴红[1] 朴丰源[1] 仲来福[1] 浅川富美雪 实成文彦[3] 

机构地区：[1]大连医科大学基础医学院,辽宁大连116027 [2]日本仓敷艺术科学大学 [3]日本香川大学医学部

出　　处：《大连医科大学学报》2005年第5期337-340,共4页Journal of Dalian Medical University

摘　　要：[目的]阐明新装建室内空气中挥发性有机化学物质(VOCs)和甲醛(HCHO)污染的动态变化趋势,探讨人类暴露的危险性。[方法]以GC-MS和HLPC法分析经时13个月新装建使用初某校舍不同用途的室内空气中VOCs、HCHO等污染浓度,及个人暴露水平。[结果]室内空气中HCHO污染水平以8月最高(教室230μg/m3,室内空气质量标准值=100μg/m3),1年经过后降至使用初的60%,呈现随时间推移逐渐降低的动态趋势;HCHO的释放与室温变化呈正相关(r>0.6410,P<0.01,n=13)。室内空气中VOCs13项指标使用初均有不同程度检出,其中90%以上为甲苯,VOCs和甲苯的空气污染浓度随建成使用时间的推移而降低,3个月后达到室内空气质量标准。[结论]新装建使用初室内空气中HCHO污染普遍存在,随使用时间的推移呈伴有夏季升高的螺旋样下降趋势。VOCs的污染以新装建使用初最高,之后迅速下降,1年后降至使用初的1%左右。[ Objective] Understanding the trend varieties of indoor air pollution by HCHO and VOCs with newly -fitment and newly-built. Research into the risk with human＇s exposure. [ Methods] The investigation was conducted in 3 different rooms（A, B, C） of a certain University in Japan. Analyze that the concentration of VOCs, HCHO in indoor air and personal exposure level were carried out with GC - MS/SIM and HLPC and based on the previously reported method. [ Results] The highest pollution level by HCHO in indoor air is 230 μg/ m^3 with the classroom, to exceed the indoor air quantity standard value （100 μg/m^3） in August, and drop down to 60% after one year gradually. The release level of HCHO and the varied of temperature revealed a positive correlation （ r 〉 0.6410, P 〈 0.01, n = 13）, All 13 chemicals of VOCs had were detected, and above 90% was Toluene. The pollution concentrations of VOCs and toluene drop down to 1% gradually after were used 3 months. [ Conclusions] It is ubiquity that the pollution of HCHO in indoor air with newly - fitment and newly-built; there is a tendence, that along with the process of using time; the pollution concentration of HCHO rise with summer and drop down spirally. The pollution level of VOCs in indoor air with newly- fitment and newly -built was the highest, later speedier drop down months. to indoor air quantity standard value after were used 3 months.

关 键 词：甲醛 挥发性有机化学物质 甲苯 室内空气污染 个人暴露 动态趋势 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]