青少年男子短跑运动员膝关节等速肌力特征研究  

The Research on Characteristics of Knee Isokinetic Muscle Strength of Junior Male Sprint Athlete

作　　者：葛卫忠[1] 张庆来[2] 李世森[3] 王宝珍[4] 

机构地区：[1]四川绵阳师范学院体育与健康教育学院,绵阳621000 [2]山东理工大学体育学院,淄博255049 [3]河北理工大学公体部,唐山063000 [4]石家庄职业技术学院公体部,石家庄050081

出　　处：《天津体育学院学报》2005年第6期72-75,共4页Journal of Tianjin University of Sport

摘　　要：目的:通过对36名二级青少年男子短跑运动员双侧膝关节进行等速测试,探析青少年短跑运动员膝关节向心屈伸肌群的生物力学特性,为运动训练、科学选材及临床康复等提供理论依据。方法:利用Kinitech等速康复肌力测试系统对青少年男子短跑运动员膝关节屈伸肌群进行等速测试。结果:青少年男子短跑运动员双侧膝关节屈伸峰力矩随测试速度的增加呈递减趋势,且膝伸肌大于膝屈肌(P<0.05),峰力矩屈伸比(F/E)随给定测试速度的增加呈递增趋势;最大功率随测试速度的增大而增加,同一测试速度下屈、伸肌群最大功率无明显差异,左、右侧相比也无显著性差异(60/°s伸肌除外);屈伸肌群达峰力矩的角度(APT)表现为伸肌角度明显低于屈肌角度,随速度增加左右两侧膝关节达峰力矩的角度无显著差异;双侧膝关节屈伸肌群达峰力矩的时间(TPT)随测试速度的增加而减小,同一测试速度下伸肌达峰力矩的时间大于屈肌;右侧膝关节屈肌相对峰力矩(PT/BM)与下肢形态学指标表现出不同程度的正相关。结论:青少年男子短跑运动员膝关节峰力矩变化规律与成年人相一致,但左右侧膝关节屈伸肌群做功能力发展不平衡,屈伸肌群运动达峰力矩角度、达峰力矩的时间存在显著差异。The isokinetic double knee flexion and extension of 36 male junior sprint athletes were measured. Try to find out the biomechanics feature of knee flexion and extension in junior sprint athletes and provide the basis for sports training and scientific selecting material and rehabilitation. Methods： Isokinetie flexion and extension of knee joints were measured by Kintech Isokinetie System in male junior sprint athletes. Results： The peak torque （PT） of junior male sprint athletes reduced with the test speed increasing and the extensor stronger than flexor（P〈0.05）. The peak flexors/extensors （F/E） of junior athletes tend to increase with the test speed increasing; the max power （MP） increased with the test speed increasing and in the same testing speed there aren＇t significant differences in MP. There aren＇t significant differences between right and left in MP （except extensor in 600/s）; Angle of peak torque （APT） indicates angle of extensors are lower than flexors. There aren＇t significant differences between right and left in APT; The time to peak torque（TPT） of junior athletes reduced with the test speed increasing and the time of extensors TPT are longer than flexors; There are different extent plus correlation between PT/BM of right flexors with morphology index of lower extremity.

关 键 词：青少年 短跑运动员 膝关节 等速肌力 

分 类 号：G804.6[文化科学—运动人体科学] G822.1[文化科学—体育学]