11种药用石斛根的形态组织学研究  

Morphology and histology of eleven medicinal plant roots of Dendrobium Sw.

作　　者：郑艳[1] 徐珞珊[1] 王峥涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国药科大学中药学院

出　　处：《中草药》2005年第11期1700-1703,共4页Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30171144)

摘　　要：目的观察药用石斛根的内部结构,以期辅助鉴定生药石斛。方法利用形态组织学方法,对茎多肉质的束花石斛Dendrobium chrysanthum及其易混的玫瑰石斛D.crepidatum、报春石斛D.primulinum、重唇石斛D.hercoglossum、晶帽石斛D.crystallium;茎粗硬的流苏石斛D.fimbriatum及其易混的叠鞘石斛D.aurantiacumvar.denneanum;茎节或节间肿胀的棒节石斛D.findlayanum、杯鞘石斛D.gratiosissimum、肿节石斛D.pendulum和大苞鞘石斛D.wardianum共11种药用石斛根进行显微结构研究;对根横切面结构相似的流苏石斛和叠鞘石斛,配合进行了根被表面制片观察。结果根被细胞的形状及皮层厚度,中柱的木质部束数、导管的直径、髓的构成,晶体的类型与大小存在种间差异。流苏石斛和叠鞘石斛根被表面观结构不同。结论根的组织构造特征可用于药用石斛的辅助鉴别。Objective To observe the histological structure of plant roots of Dendrobium Sw. for assisting identification of crude drug Herba Dendrobii. Methods Morphological and histological studies were carried out on 11 medicinal plant roots in Dendrobium Sw. by microstructural observation. The 11 species were divided into three groups according to their stem morphology, a） pair fleshy-stem group, including D. chrysanthum , D. crepidatum , D. primulinum , D. hercoglossum , and D. crystallium ; b）thickand rigid-stem group, including D. fimbriatum and D. aurantiacum var. denneanum; c） node- or inter- node-bulgy-stem group, including D. findlayanum, D. gratiosissimum, D. pendulum, and D. wardianum. The surface descriptions of velamen were conducted for D. fimbriatum and D. aurantiacum var. denneanum which are similar in characters of cross section. Results There were differences in shape and layers of velamen cell, number of xylem bundles, maximum diameter of vessels, organization of pith, as well as the types, quantity, and size of crystals. D. fimbriatum could be distingushed from its adulterant species D. aurantiacum var. denneanum by the different surface structure of velamen cells. Conclusion The histological characters of the roots can be used for assisting identification of Herba Dendrobii.

关 键 词：石斛属 根 横切面观 根被表面观 形态学 组织学 

分 类 号：R282[医药卫生—中药学]