齿瓣石斛多倍体的诱导初报  

Induction of Polyploid of Dendrobium devonianum

作　　者：李涵[1] 郑思乡[1] 龙春林[2] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学园林园艺学院,云南昆明650201 [2]中国科学院昆明植物研究所,云南昆明650204

出　　处：《云南植物研究》2005年第5期552-556,共5页Acta Botanica Yunnanica

基　　金：国家科技部(2004DKA30430);中国科学院(KSCX2-SW-117);国家自然科学基金(30170102);美国国家科学基金(DEB-0103795)资助项目

摘　　要：采用多倍体育种技术,对云南的野生热带兰花齿瓣石斛(Dendrobium devonianum)进行多倍体诱导试验。利用秋水仙素作为诱导剂,对二倍体试管苗进行诱导,在短期内培育出多倍体植株。用0.03%的秋水仙素处理齿瓣石斛丛生芽24h,其诱导效果最好。观察结果显示:多倍体齿瓣石斛材料在形态、气孔直径、染色体数目上都有变化。DNA指纹图谱等方面都发生了显著的改变。多倍体齿瓣石斛试管苗出现了植株粗壮、叶片增厚等优良性状。此研究是多倍体育种技术在我国热带兰花育种中的一次成功尝试。The polyploid breeding technique was used to induce polyploid of Dendrobium devonianum, an orchid occurring in the tropics of Yunnan with ornamental and medicinal values. The materials for polyploid breeding were in vitro seedlings of diploids. The polyploid plants could be induced in a short time with colchicines as mutagen. It resulted in the best inductive effect to use 0.03% colchicines to deal with the in vitro seedlings of diploids for 24 hours. The polyploid plants were different from those of diploids in morpholagy, stoula diameter, chromosome numbers, and DNA fingerprints. The in vitro seedlings of polyploid plant showed advantageous characteristics such as thicker stems and leaves. It is a successful case to apply polyploid breeding technique into the tropical orchid breeding in China.

关 键 词：齿瓣石斛 多倍体 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培] S682.31[农业科学—作物学]