敦煌地区沙尘气溶胶质量浓度的观测研究  

Observation Study on Mass Concentration of Dust Aerosols in Dunhuang

作　　者：刘立超[1] 沈志宝[1] 王涛[1] 周茅先[1] 矢吹貞代 金山晋司 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000 [2]理化学研究所表面解析研究室

出　　处：《高原气象》2005年第5期765-771,共7页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G2000048703);国家自然科学基金项目(40005002);中日合作项目"StudiesonOriginandTransportofAeolianDustanditsImpactonClimate(ADEC)"共同资助

摘　　要：在沙尘源区进行长期监测是获取区域代表性沙尘气溶胶质量浓度特征的重要研究方法。敦煌位于甘肃省河西走廊的西端,是中国北方主要沙尘源区之一,利用大流量采样器和安德森采样器进行了长达30个月的试验观测研究,获得了该地区沙尘气溶胶的基本特征。其年变化特征与气象资料的年变化关系密切;针对典型天气过程的观测结果表明,不同天气条件(背景大气、浮尘、扬沙和沙尘暴)下TSP浓度存在倍数关系和量级的差异,其质量浓度随粒径的分布特征也明显不同;并与2001年9月—2004年3月在腾格里沙漠东南缘沙坡头地区的一些观测结果进行了比较分析。The physical and chemical characteristics of dust aerosols originated from desert area of northern China attracted more and more attentions in recent year, whereas most of studies are based on the short-term observation or typical dust events. In the last 30 months, a long-term study on dust aerosol was conducted using high-volume sampler and Anderson sampler in Dunhuang, which is located in the west part of Hexi corridor and well known as one of the most important dust source in China. The basic mass concentration characteristics of dust aerosol are obtained. The annual change features of total mass concentration of dust aerosol shows the close correlation with those of meteorological data. On the average, the amounts of TSP mass concentration shows different quantitative levels and distinct distributions of mass concentration-particle size during different weather conditions. The comparative analysis with experimental results from Shapotou regions shows that mass concentration of the dust aerosol is lower in clear atmosphere and much higher during dust events.

关 键 词：沙尘气溶胶 沙尘暴 敦煌地区 

分 类 号：P445.4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]