液态二氧化碳(LC)播撒装置应用研究  

THE APPLICATION OF A LIQUID CARBON DIOXIDE SEEDER

作　　者：樊鹏[1] 余兴[2] 雷恒池[3] 陈保国[1] 梁谷[1] 岳治国[1] 张晓庆[3] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省人工影响天气中心,西安710015 [2]陕西省气象科学研究所,西安710015 [3]中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《应用气象学报》2005年第5期685-692,共8页Journal of Applied Meteorological Science

基　　金：科技部"西部开发科技行动"重大攻关项目(2001BA901A41);科技部公益项目"人工消冷雾新技术试验与研究"共同资助

摘　　要：针对液态二氧化碳(LC)的播撒问题,给出了其播撒装置的基本特征、播撒率及主要影响因子;用FSSP-100、2D-C粒子测量仪、三用滴谱仪及能见度仪等设备测定了LC播出物的相态、粒子形状和尺度谱.测定表明:LC播出物为液、固、气态二氧化碳三相共存混合物.液态、固态粒子存在时间约100～101 s,粒子尺度10-1～102 μm,播出物流束中单位体积质量可达3.6 g*m-3.这些测定结果为使用LC作为冷云催化剂提供了可靠依据,为国内在较暖云顶层状云中开展人工增雨作业提供了合适的催化技术.The primary features, seeding rate and main dominant factors of the liquid carbon dioxide seeder are described. The phase, particle shape and size spectrum of particles from the seeder are measured by probes of such instruments as FSSP-100, 2D-C, threefold drop-size meter and visibility detector. Measurements show that effluents from the seeder are a mixture of vapor, liquid and solid substances of CO2. The lifetime of liquid and solid particles at 10^-1 to 10^2 μm in diameter ranges over 10^0 to 10^1 second. The mass per unit volume of the effluent reaches 3.6 g· m^-3. These measurements provide a reliable basis for liquid carbon dioxide as catalyst in cold clouds, which is a catalysis technique suitable for artificial rain enhancement in warmer stratiform clouds in our country.

关 键 词：液态二氧化碳 播撒装置 增雨 消冷雾 装置 应用 粒子形状 测定结果 人工增雨作业 影响因子 

分 类 号：P481[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]