氯胺消毒对消毒副产物的控制研究  

Control of disinfection by-products in drinking water by monochloramine disinfectant

作　　者：焦中志[1] 陈忠林[1] 陈杰[1] 刘丽君 卢伟强[1] 李圭白[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150090 [2]深圳市水务集团,深圳518031

出　　处：《哈尔滨工业大学学报》2005年第11期1486-1488,1495,共4页Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划资助项目(2002AA601120)

摘　　要：采用氯胺消毒与自由氯相比能够降低二氯乙酸和三氯乙酸生成量,氯与氨氮比值降至4∶1,总卤乙酸的生成量可以降低69.1%,三卤甲烷的总量降低了89%,减少了一种消毒副产物———二溴一氯甲烷.氯胺消毒所生成的副产物与氯胺的投加量线性相关性好;氯胺消毒增加接触时间对消毒副产物的生成量影响小,三氯乙酸的生成量4 h后基本稳定,二氯乙酸和三氯甲烷的生成量24 h后基本趋于稳定;升高pH有利于降低氯胺消毒副产物的生成量及副产物的种类,当pH至8时没有检测到一溴二氯甲烷,三卤甲烷的总量也比pH=7时减少82.3%,二氯乙酸和三氯乙酸都降低,二氯乙酸减少程度比三氯乙酸减少的程度略大;采用氯胺消毒能够很好的控制自由氯消毒所产生的溴代消毒副产物.Monochloramination could decrease the formation of dichloroacetic acid and richloroacetic acid compared with chlorination. The decrease of total haloacetic acid and trihalomethane is about 69.1% and 89%, respectively and no dibromochloromethane is detectable when the ratio of chlorine to ammonia is 4 ： 1. Increasing the pH value is beneficial to decrease disinfection by-products. There was no bromodichloromethane detectable and the amount of trichloromethane decreased about 82.3% when the pH value of water was increased from 7 to 8. The formation amount of dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid also decreased with the rising pH value and dichloroacetic acid decreased more evidently than trichloroacetic acid. Monochloramination could control brominated by-products very well compared with chlorination.

关 键 词：饮用水 氯胺 消毒 消毒副产物 卤乙酸 三卤甲烷 

分 类 号：TU991.25[建筑科学—市政工程]