土壤缺硼对桑叶光合作用和呼吸作用的影响  

Effect of Soil Lacking Boron on the Photosynthesis and Breathing in Mulberry Leaf

作　　者：钟勇玉[1] 杜军宝[1] 薛三勋[1] 张正新[1] 张百忍[1] 王友玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省蚕桑丝绸研究所,陕西省石泉县蚕种场

出　　处：《西北农业学报》1996年第1期58-62,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

摘　　要：研究结果表明，桑树缺硼后，桑叶光合作用和呼吸作用分别比健康桑树降低２１％和７２％。缺硼区桑叶叶绿素总含量及其组分比施硼区叶绿素平均减少２１％，叶绿素ｂ减少显著，平均减少６３％，叶绿素ａ变化较小，平均减少２％，叶绿素ａ／ｂ值增大；叶位不同，桑叶叶绿素含量及组分也有差异，上位叶（第３～５位未完全成熟叶）缺硼区叶绿素含量比施硼区桑叶低１５％，叶绿素ａ却增加１５％，ｂ减少８３％；中下位叶（第７～１１位成熟叶）缺硼区叶绿素含量比施硼区低２４％，叶绿素ａ减少１０％，ｂ减少５４％。土壤缺硼还使桑叶中多酚氧化酶、抗坏血酸氧化酶、过氧化氢酶活力分别下降７１．５％、６５％和６２．５％。The research results showed that the photosynthesis and breathing in mulber-ry leaf were decreased by 18%and 42%when soil lacking boron.The results aslo showedthat,as compared with applying boron,the total chlorophyll in the mulberry leaf grown insoil of boron deficiency was decreased by l8%,the chlorophyll b was decreased by 39%,thechlorophyll a was decreased by only 2%and the value of chlorophyll a/b was increased.Thetotal chlorophyll and its component were various in different leaves.In superior leaves(No.3～5 unripe leaves)grown in soil of boron deficiency,the total chlorophyll was decreased bv14%,chlorophyll b was decreased by 45%,however,the chlorophyll a was increased by20%.In under leaves(No.7～13 ripe leaves)grown in soil of boron deficiency,the totalchlorophyll was decreased by 20%,the chlorophyll a was decreased by 9%,and the chloro-phyll b was decreased by 35%.These results showed that the effect of boron deficiency onthe unripe leaves is greater.At the same time,the activaticn of polyphenol oxidase,ascorbicacid oxidase and hydrogen peroxidase was decreased by 41.70%,31.35%and 35.00% re-spectively when soil lacking boron.

关 键 词：硼 桑叶 光合作用 叶绿素 呼吸作用 

分 类 号：S888.2[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]