北京地区汉坦病毒感染的流行病学调查研究  

Epidemiological investigation of hantaviruse carried by hosts in Beijing

作　　者：李增德[1] 汤芳[1] 张伟龙[1] 陈朝晖[1] 

机构地区：[1]武警部队疾病预防控制中心,北京100071

出　　处：《武警医学》2005年第9期671-673,共3页Medical Journal of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force

摘　　要：目的了解北京地区啮齿动物间汉坦病毒(HV)感染状况、HV基因型及其与宿主动物的关系。方法夹夜法捕鼠,计算鼠密度,确定鼠种构成。针对HV基因M片段部分序列设计两种型特异性引物,应用RT-PCR法检测宿主动物带毒情况,并用clustalX(5.0)和DNAClub软件对序列进行分析。利用SPSS软件分析宿主动物HV感染的流行病学特征。结果共捕获宿主动物159只,褐家鼠为优势鼠种,占79.25%。其次为小家鼠,占17.61%。RT-PCR检测宿主带病毒率,其中褐家鼠阳性率为17.46%,小家鼠为3.57%。对2份扩增阳性标本进行序列测定并对其核苷酸序列进行分析显示,它们均为汉城型(SEO)汉坦病毒。不同性别的褐家鼠HV感染率之间比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.216,P<0.05),不同体重的褐家鼠HV感染率之间比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=16.094,P<0.01),体表有疤痕和无疤痕褐家鼠之间的HV感染比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.445,P<0.01)。结论北京地区存在较为广泛的汉城型HV感染,目前尚未发现汉滩型HV疫源地。褐家鼠为北京地区HV优势宿主和主要带毒鼠,宿主动物种群特征与HV感染具有不同程度的关联。Objective To ascertain the infection and genotype of hantavirus（HV） and to determine the risk factors of and the relationship between hantavirus infection and rodents in Beijing Methods Mice and rats were trapped and elassfied, and their density of distribution was calculated. RT- PCR technique was used to amplify the partial M fragnments of hantaviruse. Several representative positive samples were sequenced and analysed using ClustalX（5.0） and DNAClub software. Results A total of 159 rodents were caught, among which Rattus norvegicus was the dominant species. The median infection rates with hantavirus were 17.46% in Rattus norvegicus and 3.57% in Mus musculus Linnaeus. Nueleotide sequences analysis showed that the detected virus belonged to SEO- type . The infection rate in the rats with higher body weight or sears on the body surface was higher than those without. There was significant difference in HV prevalence between male and female rats. Conclutions The SEO - HV infection of rodents is widely distributed in Beijing but the focus of natural HT - HTV infection has not been found. The primary host of hantaviruse in Beijing is Rattus norvegieus , There is some correlation between the HV prevalence and the sub - population of rodents in the sampled sites.

关 键 词：汉坦病毒 流行病学 北京地区 汉坦病毒感染 流行病学调查 SPSS软件分析 RT-PCR检测 宿主动物 夹夜法捕鼠 型特异性引物 

分 类 号：R512.8[医药卫生—内科学] R595.7[医药卫生—临床医学]