人胎儿早中期肠壁肌层发育分化的研究  

EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT OF MUSCLE LAYERS IN HUMAN GUT

作　　者：蒋新华[1] 李永平[1] 周国民[2] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学中山眼科中心,教育部眼科学重点实验室,广州510060 [2]复旦大学上海医学院解剖和组胚教研室,上海200433

出　　处：《中国组织化学与细胞化学杂志》2005年第5期496-499,共4页Chinese Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry

基　　金：广东省社会发展攻关项目(2003A3020302)

摘　　要：目的探讨人胚早中期肠壁肌层的发育分化过程。方法采用形态学及免疫组织化学方法对24例4-28周胎儿空肠、回肠、结肠肠壁肌层进行形态学及免疫组化观察。结果α-SMA阳性的环行肌层与纵行肌层在10周胎儿已形成完整环形,空肠、回肠的黏膜肌层在10周时刚开始形成,13周时才刚刚形成完整环形,而结肠的黏膜肌层迟至15周才形成完整环形,此时细胞均呈圆形或卵圆形,绒毛中央α-SMA阳性的细胞在13周胎儿各段肠已出现,但结肠较空肠、回肠少。此后,随着胎龄的增大,各肌层均明显增厚,细胞形态也逐渐由卵圆形变为梭形。结论环行肌层与纵行肌层的发育分化早于黏膜肌层;空肠、回肠各肌层的发育分化早于结肠。Objective To study the development and proliferation of smooth muscles in the intestine of human fetuses by light microscope. Methods Morphological and immunohistochemical observation was performed on the intestines of 24 human fetuses aged 4-28 weeks. Results The outer-longitudinal and the inner-circular muscle layers had differentiated along the entire gut in week 10, as indicated by immoreactivity for α-SMA. The muscularis mucosae was only discernible in week 10, and formed a thick ring of intense α-SMA immunoreactive cells by week 13 in the jejunum and ileum but 2 weeks later in the colon. The cells showed a circular or oval shape. The α-SMA immunoreactive cells localized in the villus initially developed from the innermost layer of the muscularis mucosae in week 13, but such cells were more prominent in the jejunum and the ileum than in the colon. Then the smooth musculature became more thickened and the cells were changed into the shuttle form as the development proceeded. Conclusion The circular muscle layers and longitudinal muscle layers develop earlier than the muscularis mucosae layers, and the musculature is formed earlier in the jejunum and ileum than in the colon.

关 键 词：人胚 平滑肌 肠 免疫组化 

分 类 号：R322.451[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]