纳米过渡金属粉对AP热分解的催化作用  

Catalysis of Nanometer Transition Metals on the Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate

作　　者：杨毅[1] 曹新富[1] 刘磊力[1] 刘宏英[1] 李凤生[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《含能材料》2005年第5期273-277,共5页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50306008);江苏省自然科学基金(BK2003421);总装预研项目(41328030507)

摘　　要：采用化学溶液还原法分别制备了一定晶型的纳米金属粉Ni、Cu、Co,研究了纳米过渡金属对AP热分解的影响。通过对纳米过渡金属粉与AP复合粒子的热分析测试发现:纳米Ni和Cu粉对AP热分解的催化作用随着其含量的增加而增加,并有使AP的高低温分解峰温重叠在一起的趋势;纳米Co粉在含量为5%左右(质量百分数)对AP最好的催化效果,使AP高低温热分解峰温重叠在288℃左右同时进行。研究发现,纳米过渡金属与AP的分解碎片NH3形成络合物的分裂能大小顺序与其催化AP热分解程度一致:Co>Cu>Ni。To study the influence of nanometer transition metals on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perehlorate （AP） ,three kinds of nanometer transition metals （Ni,Cu and Co） were prepared from an aqueous solution by reducing their corresponding metal salts. DTA was employed to test the thermal decomposition of AP in the nanometer transition metal/AP composite. Results indicate that the catalysis of nanometer Ni and Cu increases with the content of nanometer metals and the high and low temperature decomposition peaks have a tendency of overlapping together. The suitable content of nanometer metal Co powder in the composite presentes at about 5% ,while the catalysis of nanometer metal Co results in the lowest thermal decomposition temperature of AP in the compos- ite at about 288 ℃. The catalytic capability of nanometer transition metals aeeordes with the stabilization energy order of their complexes formed with NH3 as a decomposed intermediate of AP ： Co 〉 Cu 〉 Ni.

关 键 词：物理化学 纳米材料 过渡金属 高氯酸铵 催化作用 热分解 

分 类 号：TB383[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]