晋中东山地区褐土土壤水分特征的测定与应用  

Determination And Application of Soil Water Characteristic Curve of Cinnamon Soil in East Mountainous Areas in the Middle,Shanxi Province

作　　者：钟兆站[1] 赵聚宝[1] 薛军红[1] 梅旭荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业气象研究所

出　　处：《中国农业气象》1996年第3期1-6,共6页Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology

摘　　要：利用压力膜方法测定晋中东山地区褐土的土壤水分，并分析了土壤水分及其能态特征。结果表明：本区土壤水吸力与土壤含水量之间呈明显的幂函数关系，可以用幂函数方程模拟；土壤的当量孔径分布大致随土壤水吸力的增加而减小；土壤的结构性能良好，通气孔隙、毛管孔隙、无效孔隙的当量孔径分布分别占土壤总孔隙度的１８．３％、５１．２％和３０．５％，尤其是毛管孔隙的分布占土壤总孔隙度的一半以上；土壤的比水容量随吸力的增大而迅速减小．当吸力为０．１×１０￣５～０．３×１０￣５ｐａ时，其比水容量的量级为１０￣（－１）［ｍ１／（１０￣５ｐａ·ｇ）］，而当吸力达３×１０￣５～１５×１０￣５ｐａ时，其比水容量的量级下降了１００倍，为１０￣（－３）［ｍｌ／（１０￣５Ｐａ·ｇ）］。表层土壤水分对于作物吸收利用比心土层和底土层更为有效，但深层土壤的持水性能比表层士壤要好。为此，必须提高作物对土壤深层储水的利用。Uscd by the pressure membrane method,determined the soil water characteristic curve of cinna-mon soil in the east mountainous areas of middle Shanxi province,and analyzed the dynamic charac-teristic of soil water energy,The results show that in these areas.the relationship between the soil suc-tion and the soil water content could be simulated with the power function;the distribution of soil e-qu ivalent pore diameter decreases as the soil suction increases,the porcentage of soil equivalent porediameter of aeration porcoity, capillary porcoity and inactive porcaity to total soil porosity is 18.3%,51.2%and 30.5%respectively,which that means the soil in these areas has a good structure andfunction,especially the soil capillary porosity takes up over half of the total soil porosity,which pro-vides the soil with a favorable condition for the soil water storage,soil moisture maintenance and ef-fective crop utilization to soil water; specific soil water capacity decreases rapidly as the soil suction in-creases , the dimension degree of specific soil water capacity is 10-1(ml/105pa·g)when the soil suc-tion is 0.1×105～0. 3× 105pa, and 10-3(ml/105pa·g)when soil suction is 3× 105～15× 105pa. Thewater in topsoil is more effective than that in subsoil and undersoil, whereas the water retention a-bility of undersoil is greater than that of topsoil,which indicates that the water held in undersoil mustbe utilized futther,in order to ensure agriculture in these dry farming areas develop in a sustainable,steady way.

关 键 词：晋中 褐土 土壤水分 当量孔径 比水容量 

分 类 号：S155.25[农业科学—土壤学] S152.7[农业科学—农业基础科学]