茶树对茶橙瘿螨抗性机制的研究  

ON THE RESISTANCE MECHANISMS OF TEA CLONES TO PINK TEA RUST MITE

作　　者：陈华才[1] 许宁[1] 陈雪芬[1] 陈宗懋[1] 虞富莲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院茶叶研究所,杭州310008

出　　处：《植物保护学报》1996年第2期137-142,共6页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金课题;农业部85-农-04-01-03重点课题

摘　　要：作者分析了对茶橙瘿螨抗性和感性的两组无性系茶树新梢叶片下表面形态特征、叶片组织结构和新梢内含物含量。结果表明,抗性品种的叶片下表面茸毛密度、新梢咖啡碱和氨基酸的含量显著高于感性品种;叶片下表面气孔密度和新梢还原糖含量则相反。叶片组织结构、新梢茶多酚和可溶蛋白的含量抗、感品种间无显著差异。在氨基酸的组份中,以茶树特有氨基酸茶氨酸的含量差异最显著,其次是谷氨酸、丙氨酸、甘氨酸、天门冬氨酸、缬氨酸和丝氨酸。采用反渗叶盘法测定了多种氨基酸、咖啡碱、葡萄糖对该螨生物学的影响,明确了咖啡碱和多种氨基酸具有增加该螨活动时间、抑制其取食,从而影响其生长、繁殖的生理效应;葡萄糖有助于该螨的取食和繁殖。据此表明,茶树新梢叶片下表面多茸毛、低气孔密度的形态学抗螨机制和新梢高氨基酸、咖啡碱含量和低还原糖含量的生化抗螨机制。The morphological characteristics and inner structures of leaves and inclusion contents in current shoots of resistant and susceptible tea clones to pink tea rust mite Acaphylla theae (Watt) were analysed and compared. The results showed that the hair densities on undersurfaces of leaves and caffeine and amino acid contents in current shoots of resistant varieties were significantly higher than those of susceptible ones, and the stomata densities on undersurfaces of leaves and reductive sugar contents in current shoots were on the contrary; but there were no significant differences between resistant and susceptible varieties on the polyphenol and soluble protein contents in current shoots. The difference of Theanine, an unique amino acid in tea tree, contents was most significant, and then those of Glu. , Ala. , Gly. , Asp. , Val. and Ser.. By applying conversely permeant leaf disc method, the effects of amino acid, caffeine and glucose on the biology of this mite were tested. It was indicated that caffeine and many amino acids could increase active time and inhibit feeding, and thus suppressed its growth and reproduction; whilst glucose promoted its feeding and reproduction. Accordingly, the morphological resistance mechanisms were determined as pubescent and low stomata density undersurface of leaf on current shoot, and biochemical resistance as high amino acid and caffeine and low reductive sugar contents.

关 键 词：茶树 茶橙瘿螨 形态抗性 生化抗性 

分 类 号：S432.23[农业科学—植物病理学] S435.711[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]