全国城乡产科质量调查报告  

ObstetricQualityInvestigationonUrbanandRuralAreain

作　　者：项小英[1,2,3,4] 王丽[1,2,3,4] 徐兰芳[1,2,3,4] 张颖杰[1,2,3,4] 周世梅[1,2,3,4] 张仙景[1,2,3,4] 

机构地区：[1]北京市妇女保健所 [2]卫生部妇幼卫生司妇女卫生处 [3]北京妇产医院 [4]北京医科大学第一医院

出　　处：《中华妇产科杂志》1996年第3期138-141,共4页Chinese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

摘　　要：目的：提高全国的产科质量，进一步降低孕产妇死亡率和婴儿死亡率。方法：卫生部妇幼卫生司组织有关专家在全国六大区各抽一个省为代表，随机抽取直辖市，单列市共１１个省、市、自治区的７５所产科医疗机构进行产科质量调查。结果：省级以上医院高级职称占３２．６８％，而县级医院仅有２．６３％；省级以上医院具有产科必备的设备，基层医院仪器设备较陈旧落后；全国孕产妇死亡率呈逐年下降趋势，住院分娩率高的地区孕产妇死亡率低，产前检查次数与孕产妇死亡率呈负相关，初次产前检查越晚，孕产妇死亡率越高；上海市及浙江省建立了一整套规范化管理制度，使产科质量有明显提高。结论：加强学科带头人的培养及基层专业人员的培训，增添和更新必要的设备，加强孕期保健和规范化管理，提高住院分娩率，是提高产科质量的关键。Objective:Asurveronimplementingtheproclamationin“Nationalplanofactionforthesurvival,protectionanddevelopmentofchildrenin1990s”inChina(NPA),byreducingthema-ternalmortalityrate(MMR)byhalfandtheinfantmortalityrate(IMR)by1/3bytheyear2000asaproofofimprovedobstetricquality.Method:Thematernalandchildhealth(MCH)bureau,min-istryofhealth,havecaledonacooperativeinvestigationonobstetricqualityin75obstetricclinicsin11provinces,municipalitiesorautonomousregions,randomlysampledfromeachofthe6govern-mentalareasinChina.Thedatawerecolectedandanalyzedcentraly,togetherwiththeyearlyre-portsfromthemonitoredcountyhospitals.Results:Seniormedicalprofessionalsassociatedto32.68%inprovincialandteachinghospitalswhileonly2.63%inthecountyhospitals.Theformerareprovidedwithalnece-ssaryequipmentwhilethelaterwithinadequateandoutdatedones.MMRde-clinedyearbyyear,moremarkedwhereverhospitaldeliveryratewashighandwhenthenumbersofantenatalvisitweremore.However,whenantenatalvisitbeganlateinpregnancy,MMRroseZhe-jiangprovinceandShanghairankedfirstinobstetricqualitybecauseofaneficientsystematicman-agementofthepregnancies.Conclusions:Havingenoughleadingprofessionalsinthisspecialtytotrainadequatemedicalgroundpersonnelsatgressrootlevel;providingsuficientmedicalinstala-tions;enforcingeasilyandgoodqualityantenatalcareandincreasinghospitaldeliveriescariedoutunderauthoritativemanagementareimportantpointstoraisethequalityofobstetrics.

关 键 词：产妇死亡率 围产期学 产前保健 调查表 

分 类 号：R714.7[医药卫生—妇产科学]