贵州土壤养分含量的变化与施肥管理问题  

Change of Soil Nutrient Content and the Fertilization in Guizhou

作　　者：陈旭晖[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,贵阳550006

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2005年第B09期72-76,共5页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：为了解近20年来化肥施用量倍增后,贵州农田土壤养分含量的变化,在1985年土壤调查的基础上,我们又再次进行了土壤和肥料调查。调查结果表明,在目前有机肥与化肥相结合,养分供应以化肥为主的肥料结构下,水田土壤有机质和氮磷含量有所增加。旱地土壤有机质和全氮含量下降,土壤磷素有积累。因钾肥施用不足,水田、旱地土壤钾素含量都明显降低。土壤微量元素中,有效态硼锌钼普遍增加。今后需增加钾肥的施用,并重视施用有机肥、秸秆还田和防治水土流失,以培肥土壤,实现农业的持续发展。In order to find out the change of soil nutrient content in farmlands of Guizhou, a survey of soil and fertilizer was conducted again in 1998-1999 ,based on the survey results of 1985. Results showed that the contents of soil organic matter,nitrogen and phosphorus in paddy fields increased year by year, under the application of chemical fertilizer combined with organic manure, even if the chemical fertilizer played a leading role in the supply of nutrient. In upland fields, the soil phosphorus content was also increased, whereas soil organic matter and potassium were obviously reduced. The contents of soil microelements-available boron,zinc and molybdenum generally increased in upland and paddy fields. Hence it is necessary to increase the application of potash fertilizer and to pay attention to the use of organic manure, the return of straw to farmland and the control of soil and water losses in order to improve soil fertility and to promote the development of sustainable agriculture.

关 键 词：贵州土壤 农田养分平衡 合理施肥 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]