相转移平衡脱硫法在PP／GRT复合材料中应用的研究  

An application study Of low temperature phase-transfer devulcanization on PP/GRT composites

作　　者：李莉[1] 周彦豪[2] 胡丽萍[2] 陈福林[2] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学环境学院,广州510641 [2]广东工业大学材料系,广州510090

出　　处：《广东橡胶》2005年第10期1-5,共5页Guangdong Rubber

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金资助项目（930896）

摘　　要：本文首次将胶粉的低温相转移平衡脱硫法应用于胶粉（GRT）增韧废PP的增韧改性中。发现反应时间、季铵盐的浓度、反应温度及有机溶剂的不同均会影响脱硫的效果，本文还首次将“重油”（松节油的价廉蒸馏副产物）引入反应中作为有机溶剂代替有毒的价高的芳烃（如：苯。结果表明：相转移反应达到平衡时，其最佳反应时间为2小时，最佳浓度为0.03M，最佳温度为70℃：将重油代替苯作为有机溶剂时，不仅可以避免苯对人身体的毒性，而且将该脱硫后的胶粉用于废PP中，可使复合材料的抗冲性能也有较大的提高。SEM分析说明，重油在相转移反应中充当有机相，而且能进一步溶胀胶粉，改善其内部结构，并有增容剂的功效。The method of low temperature phase-transfer devulcanization was firs tintroduced into GRT toughing waste PP composites. The effectiveness of devulcanization were affected by reaction time, onium salt concentration, reaction temperature and organic solvent. At the same time, “heavy oil”（a cheap by-product of distilled tuipentine） was used as organic solvent replacing toxic and expensive aromatic hydrocarbon（Ex.benzene）in this paper in the first time. The results showed that when the reaction got to equilibrium the optimal reaction time is 2 hours, optimal concentration is 0.03M, optimal temperature is 70℃ . And that the use of “heavy oil” in place of benzene not only improved mechanical properties of composites but also decreased harm to the human being. Moreover SEM micrographs showed that the use of “heavy oil” could solubilize further GRT and improved morphology inside GRT and acted seemingly as a compatibilizer.

关 键 词：废聚丙烯 废轮胎胶粉 复合材料 废橡胶相转移脱硫法 相转移反应 脱硫法 PP 平衡 应用 最佳反应时间 

分 类 号：TQ028[化学工程] TS224.6[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]