Differential colonization of wheat cultivars by two biotypes of Russian wheat aphid （Homoptera： Aphididae）  

作　　者：JAWWAD A. QURESHI JAWAHAR L. JYOTI J. P. MICHAUD 

机构地区：[1]Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Agricultural Research Center, Hays, Kansas, USA

出　　处：《Insect Science》2005年第5期341-349,共9页昆虫科学（英文版）

摘　　要：Susceptible and resistance wheat cultivars, Triticum aestivum L, were presented to two biotypes of Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia （Mordvilko）, in multiple choice tests to assay their relative acceptability as host plants. Both apterae （third and fourth instars） and alate adults were offered plants at the two-leaf stage in different cultivar combinations at 22±1℃ and 16：8 （L： D） hour photoperiod. Apterae were released from Petri dishes in the center of a circle of test plants, whereas alatae dispersed from a mature aphid colony to settle on plants arranged in rows. Both alatae and apterous nymphs of both biotypes readily colonized all cultivars tested：‘2137＇, ‘Akron＇,‘Ankor’,‘ Halt’ ,‘ Jagger’ ,‘ Prairie Red’ , ‘Stanton＇,‘TAM 107＇,‘TAM 110＇,‘Trego＇, ‘ Yuma＇, and ‘Yumar＇. Fewer biotype I apterae responded （settled and fed） in the combination containing more resistant （Dn4- and Dny-expressing） cultivars, compared to the combinations that had fewer. The reverse was true for biotype 2 apterae; more aphids responded in the combination containing the largest number of Dn4 expressing cultivars. Differential colonization of cultivars was observed in only one combination, in which biotype 2 apterae colonized Akron and Yumar in larger numbers than they did Stanton and Yuma. A separate experiment confirmed that, 48 hours after infestation, more biotype 2 apterae abandoned plants of Yuma than plants of Yumar. This differential response was likely due to genetic differences between the two ＇ near isogenic＇ lines that include the lack of Dn4 expression in Yuma. Choice tests with alatae did not result in differential rates of cultivar colonization by either biotype in any combination tested. These results suggest that young wheat plants appear to lack any meaningful antixenosis toward D. noxia, even though the aphids appear to perceive, and sometimes respond to, certain differences in cultivar suitability.易受影响并且抵抗小麦栽培变种， Triticum aestivum L，被介绍给俄语的小麦蚜虫的二遗传因子型， Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko ) ，在到试金的多重选择测试他们的相对可接受程度是寄植物。apterae (第三和第四中间形态) 和有翼的成年人在 22 ±在不同栽培变种联合在二叶的阶段被提供植物 1 ℃并且 16：8 (L：D ) 小时光周期。Apterae 在测试植物的一个圆的中心被免除 Petri 盘子，而 alatae 从在在排安排的植物上安定的一个成熟蚜虫殖民地分散了。alatae 和两遗传因子型的无翅的美女乐意地开拓殖民地于测试的所有栽培变种：“ 2137 ”，“ Akron ”“ Ankor ”“暂停”“ Jagger ”“大草原红”“ Stanton ”“ TAM107 TAM110 Trego Yuma 和 Yumar1 apterae 回答了的更少遗传因子型(安定并且喂) 在包含的联合更抵抗(Dn4-expressing) 和表示 Dny ) 栽培变种，与联合相比，那有少数。颠倒为遗传因子型 2 apterae 是真的；更多的蚜虫在包含表示栽培变种的 Dn4 的最大的数字的联合反应了。栽培变种的 Differentialcolonization 在仅仅一联合被观察，在哪个遗传因子型在更大的数字的 2 apteraecolonized Akron 和 Yumar 一个分开的实验比他们做 Stanton 和 Yuma，证实了那，在群袭以后的 48 个小时，放弃的 2 apterae 比 Yumar 的植物 Yuma 种的更多的遗传因子型。这微分回答由于在 Yuma 包括 Dn4 表示的缺乏的 two'near isogenic' 线之间的基因差别是可能的。有 alatae 的选择测试没在测试的任何联合由任何一个遗传因子型导致栽培变种殖民的微分率。这些结果建议年轻小麦植物看起来缺乏任何有意义的 antixenosistoward D。noxia 尽管蚜虫看起来察觉，并且有时对作出回应，在栽培变种适用性的某些差别。

关 键 词：ANTIXENOSIS BIOTYPES COLONIZATION preference Russian wheat aphid Triticum aestivum 

分 类 号：S435.12[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]