广西武宣濠江流域普通野生稻居群遗传多样性及保护研究  

Genetic Diversity and Conservation Strategy of Oryza rufipogon along the Haojiang River in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

作　　者：盖红梅[1,2] 陈成斌[3] 沈法富[1] 张万霞[4] 任民[4,5] 王玉薇[4,6] 杨庆文 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农学院 [2]中国农业科学院作物品种资源研究所,北京100081 [3]广西农业科学院水稻所 [4]中国农业科学院作物品种资源研究所 [5]四川农业大学玉米研究所,雅安625014 [6]华中农业大学植物科技学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2005年第2期156-162,共7页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家财政专项资助

摘　　要：选用平均分布于水稻基因组的2 4对SSR引物,对沿河分布最长的广西武宣濠江流域的12个普通野生稻居群343份材料的遗传结构进行研究。结果表明:(1)该地普通野生稻遗传多样性丰富。2 4个位点共检测到2 0 6个等位变异,平均等位变异数A =8 70 83,有效等位变异数Ae =3 7117;(2 )该地普通野生稻居群具有较高的遗传分化和一定频率的基因流。群体遗传分化系数Gst=0 2 6 5 9,基因流Nm =0 6 90 1,表明2 6 5 9%的遗传变异存在于居群间;(3)SSR标记使普通野生稻居群中一些稀有等位变异得以显现。2 0 6个等位变异中,6 5个等位变异仅出现在1个或2个居群中,且频率较低,其中12个等位变异只出现在居群B中;(4)通过聚类分析和主坐标分析(PCO) ,下游居群A和B遗传关系较近,中游居群C比较独特,单独成为一类,中游居群D、E、F和G遗传关系较近,中游居群H、I和J及上游居群K和L遗传关系较近。根据上述分析结果,建议对濠江下游和中游具有代表性的居群(即居群B、D和H)的普通野生稻进行重点保护。Twenty-four SSR loci which were distributed evenly among the genome of cultivated rice were selected to assess the genetic diversity of 343 Oryza rufipogon individuals from 12 populations along the Haojiang River, Wuxuan County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in China. The results indicated that： （i） Abundant genetic diversity existed： among 206 detected alleles, the percentage of polymorphic loci （p） ranged from 79% to 100% with the mean of 92.36% ; the number of alleles per locus （Al） ranged from 3 to 19 with the average of 8.7083; the number of effective alleles （Ae） ranged from 1.2300 to 11.4195 with the mean of 3.7117 ; the Shannon＇ s information index （Ⅰ） ranged from 0. 5540 to 1.1138 with the overall of 1. 3692. （ii） High genetic differentiation among populations and gene flow were detected （Gst = 0.2659; Nm = 0.6901）, suggesting that 26.59 % genetic variation existed between the populations. （iii） Many rare alleles were detected. In 206 alleles, 65 were existed only in one or two populations, 12 of which existed only in population B.（iv） The results of cluster analysis and principle coordinates analysis （PCO） showed that population A and B from the downstream were close; population C from the middle was unique and became a cluster singly; the population D, E, and G from the middle were close; the population H and I from the middle and K, L from the upstream were close. It could be suggested that the populations from the middle and downstream of the Haojiang River, especially population B, D and H should be given priority to be conserved in-situ.

关 键 词：普通野生稻 微卫星 遗传多样性 主坐标分析 原生境保护 保护研究 居群 流域 广西 遗传分化系数 

分 类 号：S511.9[农业科学—作物学]