免耕和秸秆覆盖对小麦、油菜水分利用效率的影响  

Effect of water utilization efficiency under no tillage and straw mulching to wheat field and rape seeds field

作　　者：朱钟麟[1] 卿明福[1] 郑家国[1] 姜心禄[1] 吴婕[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省农科院农业部长江上游农业资源与环境重点实验室,四川成都610066

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2005年第5期565-568,共4页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家粮食丰产工程资助(2004BA520A14C15);四川省科技攻关计划(04NG020-015)资助

摘　　要：通过田间定位试验和土壤水分的测定,探讨了免耕和秸秆覆盖还田对小麦、油菜土壤水分利用效率的影响.研究表明,稻草覆盖还田对土壤有明显的抑蒸保墒作用,其效果主要发生在土壤表层(0～10 cm),稻草覆盖对小麦的保墒效果大于油菜的保墒效果.小春阶段与对照相比,免耕和秸秆覆盖还田土壤储水量增加13 560～33 360 m3·hm-2,麦油的水分生产效率提高了5.9 %～26.9 %.Through fixed field experiment and determinations of soil moisture, the field water utilization efficiency of wheat and rape seeds was discussed under no tillage and straw mulching. The result indicated that the increasing effects of soil water content and the decreasing of water evaporation which caused by rice straw mulching were very apparent in the 0 - 10 cm surface layer of soil, and the effect of straw mulching in the wheat field was better than that of in the rape seeds field .As compared with ck, the soil water storage was increased by 13 560 - 33 360 m^3·hm^-2 under no tillage and straw mulching. The water utilization efficiency of wheat and rape seeds was improved by 5.9 %-26.9 %.

关 键 词：免耕 秸秆覆盖还田 土壤水库 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S512.048[农业科学—作物学]