miRNA研究方法进展  

Advances in miRNA Research Methods

作　　者：吴敏[1] 韩召军[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学农业部病虫监测与治理重点开放实验室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《生物技术通讯》2005年第5期571-573,共3页Letters in Biotechnology

摘　　要：miRNA(microRNA)是一类长约22个核苷酸的小分子非编码RNA。miRNA可以通过与靶基因mRNA的特定位点结合,抑制该蛋白的合成或诱导该mRNA的降解,从而参与基因的表达调控。miRNA在各种生物中普遍存在,近年来利用直接克隆和生物信息学方法已从动物、植物、培养细胞和病毒中克隆及预测了数百种miRNA,并通过正反向遗传学技术、碱基互补靶标基因鉴定技术等,确定了少数miRNA基因的生理功能。然而在不同生物中仍有大量的miRNA基因尚未鉴定,它们的靶标及功能也有待进一步探索。由于miRNA序列短小,而且与靶标互作机理所知甚少,因此研究难度较大。本文总结了miRNA基因鉴定、功能鉴定等所采用的研究方法和策略,试图为miRNA研究提供一些思路和启发。miRNAs represent a class of-22 nt non-coding small RNAs. By binding to specific region of target mRNAs via strentches of sequence complementarity, miRNAs inhibit the production of target proteins or induce degration of mRNAs. Several hundred miRNAs have recently been predicted and cloned from organisms as diverse as animals,plants, cultured cells and viruses. However, there are a large number of miRNAs havn＇t been identified, and except in few cases, rather little is known about their endoenous target genes and physiological functions. Owing to the sequence of miRNA is small and little is known about the interaction between miRNA and mRNA, miRNA research is rather difficult. In this paper, the reported methods for characterizing miRNAs and identification of target genes were summarize, and the authors tryed to provide some train of thoughts for miRNA research work.

关 键 词：MIRNA 靶基因 研究方法 

分 类 号：Q789[生物学—分子生物学]