山区耕地资源投入产出的高程因子分析——以河南吴沟村为例  

Elevation Factors of Input-Output on Cultivated Land in Mountainous Area:A Case in Wugou Village,Henan,China

作　　者：乔家君[1] 许立民[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南大学黄河文明与可持续发展研究中心,开封475001 [2]河南大学环境与规划学院,开封475001

出　　处：《资源科学》2005年第6期53-57,共5页Resources Science

基　　金：教育部科学技术研究重点项目"欠发达地区可持续发展监测调控机理研究"(编号:02090);河南省高等学校青年骨干教师资助计划项目"中原城市群经济隆起带空间关联及其协调发展研究"

摘　　要：通过对山地村———河南省吴沟村全村482块农田属性及其投入产出特征的调查分析,指出,高程是影响山区耕地资源投入产出及其效率的重要因素。随高程增加,农田地块面积愈来愈小,户均地块数由1.35块增加到3.65块。农田系统能量投入随高程增加大多呈现下降态势,其中农村居民点到农田的距离、农田的自然环境、国家退耕还林政策、农户行为等对农田系统能量投入产出都有着明显影响。高程因素在农田系统能量产出中也具有重要影响,如旱平地中,海拔高度由568m上升到673m,小麦单产由246kg下降到193kg,每升高10m,单产下降5kg;玉米单产由310kg下降到210kg,高度每提高10m,单产下降9kg。旱平地农田系统产出效率要高于旱坡地,但不同作物,其变化态势有显著差异,种植小麦作物,旱平地比旱坡地能量产投效率要高出40%,玉米要高出60%,黄豆高出10%。改变农田水利条件是提高山区耕地资源投入产出效率的重要途径。A micro-level input-output analysis of farming fields is important in understanding the human- land relationship in rural area, particularly in the mountain area. This paper makes a survey of the attributions and the input-output characters of 482 plots of farmland from 81 households in Wugou village. The data includes 50 properties for each plot. Then the paper points out that the elevation is an important factor which influences the inputs, outputs and the ratios of output to input on the cultivated land in mountain area. Along with the elevation of the farmland plot being added, its average area is tending to be gradually shortened. For example, the average number of farmland plots per household increases from 1.35 to 3.65. In the varied curve, the number of energy input of farmland system is descending with the increase of the altitude of the farmland plot, whose influence factors include the distance between the peasant habitation and the farmland plot, the natural environment around ,the domestic policies of reforestation ,the behaviors of households and so on. The factor of the elevation is more important in the course of output energy in farmland system. In the？ drought？ fiat？ cultivated plot,the elevation of the plot is ascending from 568 m to 673 m; the average production of wheat is descending from 246 kg to 193 kg,that is to say, its average production is descending 5 kg when its elevation raises 10 meters. And the elevation of the plot of the corn is also ascending as same as the plot of the wheat, its average production is descending from 310 kg to 210 kg, that is to say, its average production is descending 9 kg when its elevation raises 10 meters. The ratios of output to input of the drought plat farmland are higher than the sloping one, but its form of their situations is different from the angles of varied crops. After the precise calculation, the former is 1.4 times than the later when the cultivated plot is planted the wheat, and 1.6 times when it is planted the corn, and 1.1 times when

关 键 词：山区 耕地资源 投入产出 高程因子 吴沟村 

分 类 号：F323.211[经济管理—产业经济]