引进小麦白粉病二线抗源的鉴定与改良利用  

Evaluation,Improvement and Utilization of Introducted Wheat Reserve Resource Resistant to Powdery Mildew

作　　者：蔡士宾[1] 程顺和[2] 吴纪中[1] 颜伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,南京210014 [2]江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所,扬州225007

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2005年第6期116-120,共5页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家"十五"攻关资助项目(2004BA525B03-6);江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK2004170)

摘　　要：针对我国小麦推广品种白粉病抗源单一的问题,从美、英等国引进Yuma/8* Chancellor、TP114、CI12633和Maris Dove等白粉病二线抗源,经连续多年的流行菌种诱发鉴定和生理小种接种鉴定,这些抗源抗白粉病性强而稳定,证明Pm4a、Pm2+Pm6和Pm2+Mld基因在江苏为有效抗病基因.以这些二线抗源作为抗白粉病供体,开展抗源改良和兼抗种质的创新研究,获得了宁麦资19～宁麦资32、宁麦资57～宁麦资65等一批抗性稳定、育性和农艺性状得到明显改良、育种上可以直接利用的新种质.利用这些二线抗源或创新种质为亲本,已经选育出扬麦10号、扬麦11号、扬麦12号、扬麦13号等系列品种,并已在生产上累计推广种植280.4万hm2.In order to cope with the problem of heavily relying on a single resistant gene Pm8 in breeding for resistance to powdery mildew, reserve resources resistant to powdery mildew, such as Yuma/8^＊ Chancellor, TP114, CI12633, and Maris Dove,were introduced from USA and UK. These reserve resources showed high and stable resistance to powdery mildew in artificial inoculation with prevalent and known virulent races. Pm4α, Pm2＋Pm6, and Pm2＋Mld genes, therefore, were confirmed as effective resistant genes to powdery mildew in Jiangsu environments. A series of new germplasm resistant to powdery mildew with better agronomic background, were obtained, such as Ningmaizi 19～Ningmaizi 32, Ningmaizi 57～Ningmaizi 65 resources. Furthermore, resistance cultivars, Yangmai 10, Yangmai 11, Yangmai 12, and Yangmai 13, were developed in a backcrossing breeding program with these reserve resources as Pm gene donor and released for more than 2.8 million hm^2 in total up to 2004.

关 键 词：小麦 白粉病 二线抗源 改良利用 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S432.21