由染色体重组制造小麦族的染色体组——Ⅱ.筛选高花培效率的单倍体小黑麦无性系  

Man-Made Triticeae Genomes by Chromosome Recombination——Ⅱ.Screening for Hapoid Triticale Clones with High Anther Culture Efficiency

作　　者：童庆娟[1] 鲍文奎[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物育种栽培研究所

出　　处：《作物学报》1989年第1期74-7,共1页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金："六五"期间农牧渔业部的重点课题

摘　　要：用花药培养选择具有高诱导率(a)和高分化率(b)的高花培效率(a×b)的八倍体小黑麦(2n=8x=56)和单倍体小黑麦(n=4x=28)是很有效的。八倍体小黑麦的花培效率同普通小麦一样,每百个花药可出2.5株绿苗。由八倍体小黑麦(A 类)花培所得的花粉植株(B 类)再进行一次花培,在所获得的 C 类植株中就能选出花培效率达到八倍体小黑麦水平的个体。说明高花培效率的特性可在“单倍体”水平上表达出来。因此,预测筛选出绿苗率比现有小麦、小黑麦显著较高的高花培效率的“单倍体”小黑麦无性系是可能的。这将使染色体人工重组技术成为可行。Anther culture was used as an effective method for selecting either octoploid orpolyhaploid triticale lines with high rates of both callus induction(a)and green plantletdifferentiation(b).The efficiency of octoploid triticale anther culture was practically onthe same level as that of common wheat,namely,2.5 green pollen plants per hundred an-ther.Pollen plants from octoploid triticale anther culture were propagated as clone linesand had been used as anther donors for further culture in two successive years.A few verypromising clone lines were thus identified with an efficiency as high as the octoploidtriticale anther donors.It could be expected that highly efficient polyhaploid materials,might be isolated and the technique of chromosome recombination by haploid anther cul-ture will become practical.

关 键 词：染色体 八倍体 黑麦 花培效率 

分 类 号：S512.103[农业科学—作物学]