大学特困学生对社会支持的心理反应(英文)  

Psychoreaction of impoverished undergraduate to social support

作　　者：叶金辉[1] 邹琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学教育学院,江西省南昌市330027

出　　处：《中国临床康复》2005年第40期139-141,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation

摘　　要：背景:大学特困生是一个在市场经济条件下出现的新的特殊群体,对其进行探讨和研究需加强深度和广度。目的:了解大学特困生的社会支持,并探讨社会支持对大学特困生心理健康的影响。设计:横断面调查、整体分层抽样。单位:江西师范大学教育学院。对象:于2002-10抽取江西师范大学、南昌大学、江西医学院、华东交通大学等南昌市几所大学里的特困生445名。所有参与者均为自愿参加。方法:采用社会支持评定量表评定特困生获得的社会支持情况,该量表由10个题目组成,包含客观支持、主观支持、对支持的利用度3个维度。采用症状自评量表评定特困生心理健康状况。症状自评量表共90个题目,采用1觸5级(即从无～严重)评分,它包含躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性等9个因子。在调查过程中对受试者单独测试,所有受试者在2h内完成,没有其他人的干扰和影响,问卷当场收回,并检验答卷的真实性和有效性。结果:共发放问卷500份,全部收回,有效问卷为445份纳入分析,有效率为89%。①不同性别的大学特困学生在客观支持、对支持的利用度上有显著差异(P<0.01或P<0.05)。②独生子女与非独生子女的大学特困学生在主观支持、对支持的利用度上有显著差异(P<0.01或P<0.05)。③来自城市与农村的大学特困学生在对支持的利用度上有显著差异(P<0.01或P<0.05)。④大学特困学生的心理健康与社会支持有显著的相关。⑤回归分析表明大学特困学生的社会支持对其心理健康有显著的影响(F=12.770,P=0.000)。结论:性别不同,独生或非独生,来自城市或农村的大学特困学生在社会支持上有显著差异,而社会支持对大学特困学生的心理健康产生显著的影响。BACKGROUND： Impoverished undergraduate is a new and special group appearing under the market economy. Strengthening depth and extent is necessary to probe into and study it. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the social support of impoverished undergraduates and probe into its effect on mental health of impoverished undergraduates. DESIGN： Cross-section survey, clustering stratified sampling SETTING： College of Education of Jiangxi Normal University PARTICIPANTS： Totally 445 impoverished undergraduates of Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, EastChina Jiaotong University and so on of nanchang city were recruited in October 2002. All the participants were volunteers. METHODS： Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS） was used to evaluate the social support of impoverished undergraduates. The scale is composed of 10 items including objective support, subjective support, and utilization degree of support. Symptom Checklist 90 （SCL-90） was used to evaluate the mental health status of impoverished undergraduates. SCL-90 has 90 tests, using 1 to 5 degree to score（ from not present to severe）, including somatization, obsessive compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychoticism （9 factors）. During the process of investigation, the testee was tested singly in 2 hours without interference and influence of others. The questionnaires were taken back and the authenticity and validity of the questionnaires was verified. RESULTS： All the 500 questionnaires handed out were taken back. Totally 445 pieces of effective questionnaires were involved in the analysis with the effective rate of 89%. ① There was significant difference in objective support and utilization degree of the support between the impover-ished undergraduate of either gender （P〈0.01 or P〈0.05）; ②There were significant differences in subjective support and utilization degree of support between only-child and non-only-child （P〈0.01 or

关 键 词：社会支持 心理学 学生 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]