新疆吸毒人群第二轮艾滋病相关危险行为监测调查分析  

Analysis of Second-round HIV/AIDS Related Behavior Surveillance Survey Among Drug Use Population in Xinjiang

作　　者：刘玉辉[1] 倪明健[1] 陆娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆疾病预防控制中心,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《地方病通报》2005年第4期18-22,共5页Endemic Diseases Bulletin

摘　　要：目的了解新疆吸毒人群艾滋病相关高危行为和知识知晓现状及变化趋势,为制定有效干预措施、评估干预措施效果提供依据。方法选择乌鲁木齐、伊犁、昌吉和阿克苏4个吸毒情况较严重地、州的吸毒人群作为调查对象,以地、州为单位,按上轮行为监测调查所获的共用针具比例计算本轮监测调查样本量,再按吸毒人口构成比分配每个地、州所辖重点县、市、区调查人数。现场调查采取面对面匿名问卷调查形式。结果70.9%的吸毒者为注射吸毒者,其最近一次的共用针具比例和最近6个月的共用针具比例(有时共用和经常共用)分别为28.9%和37.16%,有地区和民族差异(P<0.05)。近6个月共用针具比例较2001年有所下降;吸毒者与其配偶或性伴最近一次性生活时的安全套使用率和最近6个月的安全套使用率(有时使用、经常使用和每次使用)分别为19.2%和25.51%,有民族差异(P<0.05);艾滋病相关态度和传播途径知晓率均较2001年有所改进和提高。结论与2001年相比,吸毒人群艾滋病相关知识知晓率有所提高,共用针具比例有所下降,针对吸毒人群的干预工作已显现一定效果,但仍需加大干预力度;吸毒人群与其配偶或性伴的安全套使用率极低,H IV从高危人群向一般人群传播的潜在风险很大。减少毒品危害和安全套推广是今后开展吸毒人群干预的两项关键措施,缺一不可。Objective To find out the status of HIV/AIDS related knowledge awareness and high - risk behaviors of drug users in Xinjiang to provide basis for making effective intervention measures and evaluating the impact of existing interventions. Methods Drug users in 4 prefectures （ Urumqi, Ili, Changji and Aksu ） with relatively severe drug use situation were selected as the subject of the survey, and sample size for each prefecture was defined according to the needle -sharing rate in the first -round behavior surveillance survey （BSS）. The sample size was then distributed to the selected districts/cities/counties of each prefecture on the basis of proportion of drug use population. Data was collected through anonymous face - to - face questionnaire survey. Results Totally 786 drug users were covered by the survey and 70.9% of them was injecting drug user （IDU）. The IDU＇s needle - sharing rate in the last drug use act and during the last 6 months were 28.9% and 37.16% respectively, and significant differences were shown in different prefecture and different ethnic group （P 〈 0.05 ）. The needle - sharing rate during the last 6 months was lower than that in the first - round BSS （P 〈 0.05 ）. The condom use rate of drug users in the last sex act and the sex act during the last 6 months with their spouses/regnlar sex partners was 19.2% and 25.51% respectively, and significant differences were shown in different ethnic groups （ P 〈 0.05 ）. HIV/AIDS related attitude and knowledge awareness were significantly improved （ P 〈 0.05 ） compared with 2001. Conclusions The impact of interventions conducted among drug use population has come into view with the improvement of HIV/AIDS related knowledge and the decrease of needle - sharing rate compared with 2001. Since the condom use rate of drug users in the sex act with their spouses/regular sex partners was extremely low, there is a high risk of HIV transmission from high -risk population to general population. Drug related harm reduction and co

关 键 词：吸毒人群 艾滋病 行为监测调查 新疆 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学] R181.81[医药卫生—临床医学]