略析明清蒙古社会之变迁  

Analysis on Vicisstude of Ming-Qingia Mongolia Society

作　　者：钟银梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏社会科学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《江西教育学院学报》2005年第5期98-101,共4页Journal of Jiangxi Institute of Education

摘　　要：13世纪空前强大、发展迅猛的蒙古民族如何逐步演变为近代社会里没落保守的贫弱民族是我国民族史研究中的一个重要课题。纵观明清两代,蒙古经济发展大致经历了萧条——恢复——稳定发展——持续低谷之变迁过程;与之相伴,蒙古社会也由领主分封制下的封建割据状态渐变为中央王朝统属下的地方盟旗,社会阶级结构也发生相应变化。究其原因,主要由以下三方面因素使然:一是蒙古社会长期的战乱与纷争;二是明清两代所采取的民族分化隔离政策;三是喇嘛教的传入及封建统治者对之扶持和利用。What makes the unprecedented powerful and rapid developing Mongol people in the thirteenth century gradually varied as a conservative and declined weak nation,which is an important thesis in our ethnic history study. Surveying the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it＇s found that Mongolia＇s economy underwent four stages roughly： i.e.from depression to recovery,then to stable development, till lasting low and dull period. Accompany with this produre, Mongolia changed from former separate state of feudal division system to local alliances belonging to central government ,and accordingly class stroture of Mongolia also altered a lot. Causes for these changes lie in three aspects： long-time wars and collapses of Mongolia nation, ethnic split and isolate policy adopted by the Ming and Qing＇s government and spread of “Lama Religion”as well as political support and use to it.

关 键 词：明代 清代 蒙古社会 蒙古族 

分 类 号：K248-249226[历史地理—历史学]