对南海台风浪的探讨  

A STUDY OF TYPHOON WAVES IN THE SOUTH CHINA SEA

作　　者：陈奇礼[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局南海分局

出　　处：《海洋预报》1989年第3期1-11,共11页Marine Forecasts

摘　　要：本文根据1964年至1987年在南海产生发展的台风的风场资料以及波浪观测结 果,总结出处于不同发展阶段的南海台风浪分布的模式以及相应的波高预报关系 式。 结果发现（1）在南海台风的初生阶段,台风区内的波浪主要属于风浪性质。 （2）在南海台风的发展阶段,台风区内的波浪是一种混合浪,风浪的主浪向沿着 风向从台风边缘向内传播,它是对数螺线,而涌浪则是从台风中心附近最大风速区 内向外散播,台风区内的浪主要是这两种浪的叠加。（3）在南海生成的台风内的 波高分布与西北太平洋台风不同,但当西北太平洋台风移入南海后,其波高的分布 逐渐变为与在南海生成的台风的波高分布相接近。（4）台风在广东及海南登陆后, 其台风浪的减弱情况随登陆地段而有不同。 最后用香港横栏岛和南海北部的一些波浪自记仪记录以及沿岸海洋站的波浪 观测结果对预报作了验证,波高的预报值与观测值符合比较良好。Based on the wave data in 1964-1987 in the typhoon ayea of the South China Sea, the distribution of wave height at different stages of typhoon is presented, and the forecasting relationship is given. The following results are obtained. (1) In the formatiou stage of typhoon, the waves are of wind wavea. (2) In the development stage, the wind waves propagate along the wind direction and the path of main waves follows a logarithmic spiral, but the swell moves outwards from the maximum wind area near the center of typhoon. (3) The distribution of wave height in the typhoon over the South China Sea is different from that over the Pacific Ocean. (4) The typhoon moves very fast and the high wave tends towards the right side of the typhoon's center. (5) When the typhoon over the Pacific Ocean moves into over the South China Sea, the distribution of waves in the typhoon area is gradually changed into the similar distribution to that of the typhoon formed over the South China Sea. By use of the wave data at waglan and other stations, the results of test show that the calculated height of typhoon waves coincides basically with the measured.

关 键 词：南海 台风 风浪 

分 类 号：P444[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P732.3