武昌獾蛛种群内遗传变异的分子检测与分析  

Molecular Detection and Analysis on the Intraspecific Variants of Trochosa wuchangensis

作　　者：罗育发[1] 颜亨梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学生命科学学院

出　　处：《蛛形学报》2005年第2期89-94,共6页Acta Arachnologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No:30370208);湖南省自然科学基金(No:01JJY2026)资助项目

摘　　要：采用外生殖器结构特征和RAPD分析相结合的方法,从2个层次研究分析了武昌獾蛛Trochosawuchangensis自然种群的种内遗传差异性。2种方法的结果一致表明武昌獾蛛的自然种群内存在变异,即使同一地理种群的武昌獾蛛也有多种变异类型,且该种内变异并不完全是因分布地域不同而产生的。用这2种手段在对其雌性成体进行研究时发现可明显分为3大类型,以武昌獾蛛外生殖器结构为鉴定依据,这3大类型分别为:(1)两垂兜间合抱部分梨形,长≤宽;纳精囊远端分叶时内叶稍短于外叶。(2)两垂兜间合抱部分梨形,长>宽;内叶明显短于外叶。(3)两垂兜间合抱部分窄长,长>宽;外叶明显细。用武昌獾蛛雌性成体的外生殖器结构特征为依据划分的这3种类型与依据其RAPD谱带特征所进行的类型划分基本一致。对1型和2型内个体间的遗传相似度进行方差分析表明,2型内个体间不存在显著差异,但1型内个体间存在显著差异(P<0.05)。研究还表明性别不同的武昌獾蛛成体的RAPD谱带也有差异,用随机引物S92扩增的253bp的片段为雄性武昌獾蛛的种的特异性片段。不同生长发育期的武昌獾蛛也存在种内遗传差异,引物S82和S266对不同生长发育期的武昌獾蛛样本的RAPD扩增中就显示其相互间存在不一致的谱带特征。经统计分析发现成熟个体的谱带类型稳定,变化较小;未成熟个体的谱带类型不稳定,差异较大。The intraspecific variants of wolf spiders Trochosa wuchangensis were studied by structural features of genitalia combined with RAPD molecular mark technique. The results show that The intraspecific variants exist in the natural population of Trochosa wuchangensis. There are several kinds of intraspecific variants in Trochosa wuchangensis, even in the same geographic population. The intraspecific variants do not totally result from the different geological zone. Three types that were found in the epigynum of Trochosa wuchangensis population by structural features of genitalia are nearly the same as the types detected by RAPD technique. According to the structural features of genitalia , 3 types of the epigynum were found out as follows ： （1） The two hoods pear-formed, the length≤the width ;The inner lobe at the end of spermatheca almost equal the galea of that. （2） The two hoods pear-formed partly, the length 〉 the width ;The inner shorter than the galea of spermatheca. （3） The two hoods like gall bladder, the length 〉the width; the galea slightness clearly. According to analysis on variances from the genetic similarity index both type and type of the individual differences,type is unsiglificant but ⅩⅣ type is siglificant （P〈0.05）. 253 bp is the specific size of DNA band of male Trochosa wuchangensis in the RAPD patterns using primer S82. The different growth periods of Trochosa wuchangensis show the intraspecific variants. The DNA bands of the different growth periods of Trochosa wuchangensis from the RAPD patterns using primer S82 and S266 are not coherent. The statistic data showed that the types of RAPD patterns of the adults are stable （the less variant） , but the types of RAPD patterns of the young are unstable （the more variant）.

关 键 词：武昌獾蛛 种内变异 RAPD 

分 类 号：Q953[生物学—动物学]