中国牡丹品种的花期  

Flowering Time of Chinese Tree Peony Cultivars

作　　者：陈富慧[1] 索志立[2] 赵孝庆 陈德忠 姚涓[4] 苏卫忠[4] 张治明[4] 陈富飞 

机构地区：[1]榆中县和平牡丹园,兰州730101 [2]中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学重点实验室 [3]玉田牡丹园艺有限公司 [4]中国科学院植物研究所北京植物园

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2005年第6期55-61,共7页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30470177);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目(Kscx2-sw-108)

摘　　要：于1999～2001年对中国科学院北京植物园引种定植的中原牡丹品种(68个)及兰州和平牡丹园栽培的西北紫斑牡丹品种(16个)进行定点、定株连年花期观测,结果显示中原牡丹品种在北京的群体始花期为4月18～20日,群体末花期为5月9～18日,花期持续22～28 d,开花期间的日平均气温为16.5～26.1℃.西北紫斑牡丹品种在兰州榆中县原产地的群体始花期为5月3～6日,群体末花期为5月23日～6月3日,花期持续21～28d,开花期间的日平均气温为11.3～15.3℃.两个品种群的群体自然花期累计延续35～45 d.受春季开花前气候条件的影响,群体始花期通常可能出现3～5 d的提前或推后,但是,在品种群间和年度间,未发现群体开花过程式样有明显差异.花期的长短在品种间、个体间以及年度间存在差异.针对花期研究以及牡丹产业方面存在的问题,提出了对策和建议.During the flowering seasons from 1999 to 2001, observations on flowering time in successive years were conducted by means of sampling fixed individual plants of 68 Central Plains Tree Peony Cultivars, cultivated in Beijing Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, as well as those of 16 Northwest Rockii Tree Peony Cultivars, cultivated in Peace Peony Garden of Lanzhou, Gansu Province. Results showed that the beginning of population flowering time of the Central Plains Cultivars in Beijing was from April 18 to April 20, and the end of it was between May 9 and May 18, lasting 22 ～ 28 days with the average daily temperature ranging from 16.5 ℃ to 26.1 ℃. The beginning of population flowering time of the 16 Northwest Rockii Cultivars in Lanzhou was between May 3 and May 6, and the end of it was between May 23 and June 3, lasting 21 ～28 d with the average daily temperature ranging from 11.3 ℃ to 15.3 ℃. Thus, the natural flowering period of the two cultivar populations totally lasted for as long as 35 ～ 45 days each year in China. With influences commonly from the weather conditions in spring before florescence, the flowering date of the first flower shifted in a range of 3 ～ 5 days, however, no significant differences were found in the flowering process pattern between years or among the cultivar groups. There existed variations in the length of flowering period among cultivars, individual plants within cuhivars and between years. Concrete countermeasures and suggestions were put forward aiming at the problems existing in the study of flowering time and the industry of tree peony flowers.

关 键 词：中原牡丹品种 西北紫斑牡丹品种 花期 

分 类 号：S792.14[农业科学—林木遗传育种]