海潮负荷对GPS基线的影响  

EFFECT OF OCEAN TIDE LOADING ON GPS BASELINE MEASUREMENT

作　　者：周江存[1] 孙和平 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所动力大地测量学重点实验室

出　　处：《大地测量与地球动力学》2005年第4期27-32,共6页Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目(KZCX3-SW-131);百人计划项目;国家自然科学基金委项目(40374029)

摘　　要：利用由卫星测高数据反演获得的NAO99海潮模型(23个潮波)计算了海潮变化对上海、乌鲁木齐、北京和广州台站GPS定位的影响,研究了海潮负荷对由这些台站组成的4条GPS基线的影响.结果表明海潮负荷对单点定位的影响在沿海地区达到厘米量级,对内陆台站的影响小于1 cm;而对基线的影响均小于1 cm,并与基线方位角和台站负荷影响大小密切相关,其相对影响在10-8～10-9量级,这在高精度的GPS基线尤其短基线测量中是必须考虑的.The NAO99 ocean tide model（including 23 constituents） inversed with T/P altimetry data is synthetically adopted to calculate the displacement loading effect on GPS positioning for the stations of Shanghai, Urumchi, Beijing and Guangzhou and the loading effect on the baselines constructed with the four stations is investigated as well. The numerical results show that the magnitude of the effect on single point positioning for stations close to the sea is up to centimeter magnitude, while for inland stations, the effect is less than one centimeter. The effect on baselines is also less than one centimeter, which is highly dependent of the orientation of the baseline and the loads of the baseline＇s two end points. The ratio of loading effect to length of the baseline is 10^-8 to 10^-9 , which should be taken into account in high precision GPS measurement, especially for shorter baseline.

关 键 词：海潮负荷 GPS基线 单点定位 影响 量级 

分 类 号：P227[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]