近海拖网渔船推进系统探讨——前置导管螺旋桨的论证与设计  

STUDY ON PROPULSION SYSTEM OF INSHORE TRAWLER ARGUMENT AND DESIGN OF FRONT INSTALLATION OF PROPELLER NOZZLE

作　　者：邱天霞[1] 高清廉[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛海洋大学

出　　处：《中国水产科学》1996年第2期27-33,共7页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

摘　　要：以山东１０４总吨钢质拖网渔船为母型船，对其进行了四种推进装置的设计与分析论证，筛选出适应近海拖网渔船多工况的较佳推进装置。通过对楚思德Ｂ型桨（以下简称Ｂ型桨）、１９Ａ导管桨（以下简称导管桨）、楚思德Ｂ型桨配双级变速齿轮箱（以下简称双级变速Ｂ型桨）以及１９Ａ导管桨配双级变速齿轮箱（以下简称双级变速导管桨）这四种推进装置的设计比较得出：双级变速导管桨最佳，双级变速Ｂ型桨次之，导管桨又比Ｂ型桨为优。以Ｂ型桨为基准，拖网时导管桨拖力增加２０．５％，双级变速Ｂ型桨增加为２８．２％，双级变速导管桨增加为４４．５％；从效率上看，以Ｂ型桨为基准，导管桨效率提高为２．５％，双级变速Ｂ型桨提高为６．３％，双级变速导管桨提高为７．５％。双级变速导管桨明显优于其他三种，可充分利用主机功率；但普通导管的剥蚀严重，因此在上述设计论证的基础上将导管前置，前置导管能减少空泡剥蚀，同时使尾流均一化和稳定化。In this paper four types of propulsion systems were tested and compared on the 104 total tonnage trawler of Shan Dong provice. Results showed that in order of trawling condition the two-shift ducted propeller is the best one followed the two-shift B-type propeller, the ducted propeller and the B-type one. In comparison with the B-type propeller, the 19A ducted propeller's thrust increased by 20.5%, the two-shift B-type propeller's thrust, by 28.2%, the two-shift ducted propeller's thrust, by 44.5%; the 19A- ducted propeller's efficiency increased by 2.5%, the two-shift B- type propeller's efficiency, by 6.3%, and the two-shift ducted propeller's efficiency by 7.5%. Therefore it is better for the trawlers to adopt the two-shift ducted propeller which can make full use of the main engine power. Because of heavy corrosion of nozzle cavitation, based on the above analysis, a front installation of the nozzle is suggested. It can reduce cavitation corrosion, stabilise and unify stern flow, reduce ship resistance and increase propulsive efficiency.

关 键 词：拖网渔船 螺旋桨 前置导管 

分 类 号：U674.41[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]