陕西兴平与咸阳人工植被土壤含水量研究  

Study on Soil Moisture Content under Artificial Vegetation in Xingping and Xianyang, Shaanxi Province

作　　者：赵景波[1] 李瑜琴[1] 李艳花[1] 岳应利[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2005年第5期603-608,共6页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金(2002D02);中国科学院黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室项目(SKLLQG04007);国际地质对比计划项目(IGCP448)

摘　　要：根据兴平和咸阳梧桐林地与杨树林地等土壤含水量测定，研究了0～6m土壤含水量的变化和土壤干层特点与分布。结果显示，兴平与咸阳人工林地从地表到6m深度范围内含水量呈现由高到低再到低的变化；中龄人工林地2～4m深处土壤含水量平均值变化在8．5％～9．5％之间，发育了明显的土壤干层；5龄人工林下2～4m深处土壤含水量平均值为12．2％左右，土层有干化显示，但无干层发育；草地2～4m深处土壤含水量平均值为13．2％左右，含水量明显较人工林地高，无土壤干化的显示。研究表明，土壤干层的形成主要是自然原因造成的，是降水量少决定的重力水带分布深度小引起的。兴平与咸阳土壤干层的出现表明黄土高原的土壤干层分布广泛，向南分布已达关中地区。在土壤干层发育较轻的地区可以进行植树造林，在干层发育严重的地区则不适于造林。为防止严重的土壤干层发生，选择生长较缓慢、消耗水分少的树种是必要的，并应减小造林树种植株密度。According to the measured data of soil moisture content under the forests of phoenix trees and Populus simonii in Xingping and Xianyang, the change of soil moisture content from topsoil down to 6 m deep and the distribution of dried soil layer are researched. The results show that the soil moisture content from topsoil down to 6 m deep under the artificial forests in Xingping and Xianyang is reduced; the average soil moisture content in depth of 2～4 m under middle-aged artificial forests varies in a range of 8.5%～9.5%, and the dried soil layer is significantly developed; the average soil moisture content in depth of 2～4 m under the 5-year-aged forests is 12.2%, the soil layer is dried but there is no dried soil layer, the average soil moisture content in depth of 2～4 m under the grasslands is 13.2% and is significantly higher than that under the artificial forests. The study reveals that the formation of dried soil layer is mainly caused by natural factors due to the reduction of precipitation and gravitational water. The occurrence of dried soil layer in Xingping and Xianyang reveals that the dried soil layer is extensively distributed in the Loess Plateau, and it is distributed to the Guanzhong region southward. Afforestation can be done in the regions where the dried soil layer is developed slightly, but it can not be done in the regions where the dried soil layer is seriously developed. In order to avoid the occurrence of dried soil layer, it is necessary to select the tree species with slow growth and low water consumption, and the afforesting density should be reduced.

关 键 词：关中地区 人工植被 土壤含水量 重力水带 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]