根域容积对盆栽杨桃生长发育的影响(简报)  

Effects of Root Volume on the Growth and Development of Potted Carambola(Brief Reports)

作　　者：张承林[1] 徐文彬 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广州510642 [2]广东电白县农校,广东电白525000

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2005年第3期20-23,共4页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

摘　　要：在温室中采用体积分别为57,26,15L的塑料盆栽培杨桃(AverrhoacarambolaL,品种为马来西亚甜杨桃),探讨根域容积对杨桃生长发育的影响。结果表明:随根域容积的增加,根系和枝梢生长量都呈比例增加。大盆总根重分别是中盆和小盆的1.55和3.12倍,大盆地上部干重分别是中盆和小盆的1.61和3.01倍。小的根域容积可以显著促进细根的生长,增加根长密度,对地上部的生长表现为减少抽梢次数和生长量,但对叶片的大小形状没有显著影响。根域容积变小不影响根冠比例。小盆栽培的杨桃开花和结果分别比大盆提早49,61d。小的根域体积会减少花穗数和单穗花量,但不影响果实发育及果实品质。各处理间果实外观、单果重及果肉可溶性固形物没有显著差别。在本试验条件下,中盆开花最多,座果率最高,产量最高。对盆栽杨桃而言,25L左右的根系空间可获得最好的栽培效果。Effects of root volume of three plastic pot sizes （i.e. 57, 26and 15 L） on the growth and development of Averrhoa carambola L. cv. Malaysian sweet carambola were studied with soil culture in greenhouse. The results indicated that the root and shoot growth was increased proportionally with the pot volume. The total root dry weight of big pot treatment was 1.55 and 3.12 times of that of the medium-sized pot and small pot treatments respectively and the aerial part weight was 1.61 and 3.01 times higher. Small volume of the pots significantly stimulated fine root growth, increased root length density, and produced less frequency of flushing and lower growth rate in the aerial parts. The pot sizes did not alter the ratio of root to canopy and had no significant influence on leaf size and shape. Root restriction was conducive to flowering and fruitsetting. The small-potted plants started flowering and fruitsetting 49 days and 61 days earlier respectively than the big-potted plants. Excessive root restriction （as in a 15 L pot of this trial） decreased the number of flower shoots and the flower number but not affected fruit development and quality. There was no significant difference in fruit appearance, single frnit weight and total soluble solids of flesh between each treatment. The medium-potted plants produced the most flowers and gave the highest yield. For potted carambola, the container volume of approximately 25 L for root growth may result in best yield response.

关 键 词：杨桃 盆栽 根系 枝梢生长 结果 

分 类 号：S682.11[农业科学—观赏园艺] S667.9[农业科学—园艺学]