2004年15个省区汉族学生的运动素质发育状况  

Analysis of motor performance status in students of Han nationality in fifteen provinces in China

作　　者：赵德才[1] 季成叶[1] 马军[1] 廖文科[2] 张冰[1] 胡佩瑾[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所,100083 [2]教育部体育卫生与艺术教育司

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2005年第6期385-387,共3页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解我国15个省区汉族学生运动素质的发育状况。方法以2004年学生体质监测7～18岁汉族学生共161804人作为研究对象,分析握力、50m跑、立定跳远、1min仰卧起坐等4项运动指标,通过一般性统计描述、主成分分析和多元线性回归反映学生运动素质的发育现况。结果学生运动素质随年龄增长而不断提高,差值随年龄增大而增加,且存在性别和城乡差别,男生优于女生,城市优于乡村。18岁乡村男生与乡村女生比较,握力、50m跑、立定跳远、1min仰卧起坐4个项目的差值分别为15.3kg、-2.0s、58.6cm和8.7次/min;15岁城市男生与乡村男生比较,4个项目的差值分别为0.9kg、-0.2s、3.5cm和3.5次/min。经主成分分析,第一主成分可以很好地代表4项运动指标的水平;应用主成分回归,可以定量地阐释年龄、性别、城乡对运动素质的影响。结论学生运动素质发育的基本规律没有变化,应用主成分方法可显著简化运动素质分析过程。Objective To analyze the motor performance status in students of Han nationality in fifteen provinces in china. Methods Totally, 161 804 students of Han nationality aged from 7 to 18 years old were involved in the Chinese Surveillance on Students＇ Physical Fitness and Health in 2004. Motor abilities were accessed with the aid of gripping power, 50 m dash, standing long jump, and 1-min situps. Based on general statistical description, principal component analysis and linear regression, the development characters of students＇ motor performance were explored. Results This research showed some characters similar to those of last ones ： motor capability was improved in correlation with age; boys did better than girls, the difference between 18 year-old rural boys and rural girls was 15.3 kg, -2. 0 s, 58. 6 cm, 8.7/min; the urbane students performed better than the rural ones, the difference between 15 year-old urbane boys and rural boys was O. 9 kg, - 0. 2 s, 3.5 era, 3.5/min. The first principal component might represent the 4 tests greatly. Regression analysis on principal component quantitatively interpreted the influence of factors suck as age, sex and area. Conclusions The general principles of exercise quality development of students are still in work. Principal component analysis should be adequate and convenient in motor performance analysis.

关 键 词：学生 运动 青春期 

分 类 号：G804.49[文化科学—运动人体科学]