8～16个月婴幼儿语言理解和表达水平的影响因素  

The related factors influencing development of language understanding and expression of early-children

作　　者：郝波[1] 梁卫兰[2] 王爽[2] 张致祥[2] 左启华[2] Tardif T Fletcher P 

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院妇产科,100034 [2]北京大学第一医院儿科,100034 [3]University of Michigan [4]香港大学

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2005年第6期403-405,共3页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解8～16个月婴幼儿语言理解和表达能力及影响因素。方法2000年采用横断面定量研究方法,多阶段分层不等比例抽样方法抽取样本,对北京市城区636名8～16个月正常婴幼儿的养护人进行问卷调查。用两样本成组t检验、单因素相关和多重线性回归方法进行统计学分析。结果小儿语言总分分别为:8个月男童115.0分,女童109.9分;12个月男童243.0分,女童286.4分;16个月男童410.6分,女童456.2分。语言理解得分均值为11个月男童高于女童,语言表达得分均值为11、12、14、15个月女童高于男童,差异均有统计学意义。单因素和多重线性回归分析结果表明,常与孩子一起看书、与孩子一起听录音、祖母受教育程度高、孩子性格外向、孩子已会说1个字和孩子的月龄大等因素对小儿语言能力的发展有积极影响。结论养护人提供丰富的语言环境有利于小儿早期语言发育。Objective To assess the level of language understanding and expression of health children aged from 8 to 16 months in urban Beijing and to investigate the children＇ physical and psychological development conditions and social and economic status of children＇ family as to identifying the related factors to children＇ language development and providing a basis for instructing parents child-rearing and promoting early children language development. Methods A quantitative Cross-sectional Study was made. The parents or care givers of 636 healthy young children, randomly stratified and selected in two districts in Beijing were interviewed, t-test was used to compare the scores of language understanding and expression between boys and girls in the same age. Single and multiple factors analysis were used so as to find out the related factors. Results For boys, the average scores of language were respectively 115.0 for 8 months, 243.0 for 12 months and 410. 6 for 16 months; for girls the average scores were respectively 109.9 for 8 months, 286. 4 for 12 months and 456. 2 for 16 months. The average score of language understanding of boys was higher than that of girls only in the 11 month group. The average scores of language expression of girls were higher than those of boys in 11,12,14,15 month groups. Multiple factors analysis showed that parent-child book reading, parent-child tape listening, higher education level of grandmothers, children＇ extroversion personality, child being able to speak one word and children＇ age were positively related to the children＇ language score. Conclusion Providing rich language environment should be helpful to early children＇ language development.

关 键 词：儿童 言语理解力 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]